{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015874501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1049482920020305","title":"Learning Fractals by \u201cDoing Science\u201d: Applying Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategies to Curriculum Design and Instruction","display_name":"Learning Fractals by \u201cDoing Science\u201d: Applying Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategies to Curriculum Design and Instruction","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015874501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1049482920020305","mag":"2015874501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/1049482920020305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1049482920020305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086258376","display_name":"Linda Shore","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda S. Shore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070607238","display_name":"Melissa J. Garik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa J. Garik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015879123","display_name":"Peter Garik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3442-3936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Garik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070914508","display_name":"Paul Hickman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-0003"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Hickman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Belmont High School , Belmont MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Belmont High School , Belmont MA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037975948","display_name":"H. Eugene Stanley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-4495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Eugene Stanley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058544282","display_name":"Edwin F. Taylor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edwin F. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071167088","display_name":"Paul Trunfio","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul A. Trunfio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, School of Education, and the Science and Mathematics Education Center , Boston University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26188639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"205","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13937","display_name":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","score":0.9557999968528748,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9212999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-apprenticeship","display_name":"Cognitive apprenticeship","score":0.8078144788742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apprenticeship","display_name":"Apprenticeship","score":0.6758673787117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.6318423748016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5779978632926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5602324604988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5033881068229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-research","display_name":"Educational research","score":0.44016116857528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4299647808074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.42131394147872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.34805482625961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3392510414123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18039342761039734}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778573382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038075","display_name":"Cognitive apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.8078144788742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107806365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253567","display_name":"Apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.6758673787117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6318423748016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5779978632926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5602324604988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5033881068229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.44016116857528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4299647808074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.42131394147872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.34805482625961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3392510414123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18039342761039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/1049482920020305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1049482920020305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523934570","https://openalex.org/W1979755082","https://openalex.org/W1989748540","https://openalex.org/W1993818963","https://openalex.org/W2016678182","https://openalex.org/W2053119909","https://openalex.org/W2078206416","https://openalex.org/W2100983000","https://openalex.org/W2146120708","https://openalex.org/W2489865376","https://openalex.org/W2564504375","https://openalex.org/W2732912362","https://openalex.org/W2951162029","https://openalex.org/W4230334711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220683022","https://openalex.org/W2349260471","https://openalex.org/W2111787951","https://openalex.org/W2273381885","https://openalex.org/W2980026720","https://openalex.org/W1626619789","https://openalex.org/W2034341932","https://openalex.org/W2613841190","https://openalex.org/W3495698","https://openalex.org/W3182673754"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Science":[0],"research":[1,33,63],"professionals":[2],"originated":[3],"an":[4],"education":[5],"innovation":[6],"project":[7,44],"that":[8],"adapts":[9],"the":[10,19,43,48,61,68,71,78,95,106,112],"mentoring":[11],"model":[12],"of":[13,52,70,80,84,114],"graduate":[14],"study":[15],"in":[16,34,50,60,89],"science":[17,32],"to":[18,46,100],"high":[20,92],"school,":[21],"closely":[22],"coupling":[23],"experiment":[24],"and":[25,77,105,109],"computer":[26],"visualization":[27],"models":[28],"devised":[29],"originally":[30],"for":[31],"natural":[35],"or":[36],"random":[37],"fractals.":[38],"Educational":[39],"researchers":[40],"who":[41],"joined":[42],"helped":[45],"interpret":[47],"effort":[49],"terms":[51],"\u201ccognitive":[53],"apprenticeship,\u201d":[54],"a":[55,85,90],"teaching":[56],"paradigm":[57,76],"already":[58],"known":[59],"cognitive":[62],"literature.":[64],"This":[65],"article":[66],"traces":[67],"evolution":[69],"materials":[72],"informed":[73],"by":[74],"this":[75],"results":[79],"two":[81],"sequential":[82],"trials":[83],"fractal":[86],"dimension":[87],"unit":[88],"suburban":[91],"school.":[93],"In":[94],"2nd\u2010year":[96],"trial,":[97],"students":[98],"began":[99],"act":[101],"as":[102],"independent":[103],"investigators":[104],"teacher":[107],"gradually":[108],"spontaneously":[110],"adopted":[111],"role":[113],"mentor.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}