{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386559346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228","title":"Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy education in secondary schools: a review","display_name":"Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy education in secondary schools: a review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386559346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061992787","display_name":"Davy Tsz Kit Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2380-7814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Davy Tsz Kit Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong","Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2380-7814","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012595132","display_name":"Jiahong Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9681-7677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahong Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong","Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9681-7677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055574300","display_name":"Jac Ka Lok Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-7005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jac Ka Lok Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013895875","display_name":"Samuel Kai Wah Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-2776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Kai Wah Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University","The University of Hong Kong","Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-2776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061992787"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.6024,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99718111,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"10","first_page":"6204","last_page":"6224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14182","display_name":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","score":0.940500020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9165999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-analysis","display_name":"Thematic analysis","score":0.6477370858192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.6362572908401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literacy","display_name":"Literacy","score":0.5001115798950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4438605308532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3774436414241791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.345737099647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.29010137915611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.19370827078819275}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.6477370858192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.6362572908401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.5001115798950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4438605308532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3774436414241791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.345737099647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.29010137915611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19370827078819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2255228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-129667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-129667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W604745625","https://openalex.org/W1859126261","https://openalex.org/W2096266245","https://openalex.org/W2129618861","https://openalex.org/W2185877932","https://openalex.org/W2277718088","https://openalex.org/W2542575942","https://openalex.org/W2557717610","https://openalex.org/W2563521016","https://openalex.org/W2742797553","https://openalex.org/W2791087214","https://openalex.org/W2885013639","https://openalex.org/W2897240503","https://openalex.org/W2910908867","https://openalex.org/W2948288662","https://openalex.org/W2963516506","https://openalex.org/W2965058023","https://openalex.org/W2976321180","https://openalex.org/W2989860017","https://openalex.org/W3001362559","https://openalex.org/W3029022390","https://openalex.org/W3033552209","https://openalex.org/W3035434890","https://openalex.org/W3037577359","https://openalex.org/W3038022479","https://openalex.org/W3041706899","https://openalex.org/W3084223432","https://openalex.org/W3092083327","https://openalex.org/W3111942863","https://openalex.org/W3123245297","https://openalex.org/W3126017685","https://openalex.org/W3135354507","https://openalex.org/W3135828953","https://openalex.org/W3157682111","https://openalex.org/W3168438863","https://openalex.org/W3182579144","https://openalex.org/W3188025666","https://openalex.org/W3189788947","https://openalex.org/W3191226927","https://openalex.org/W3197500039","https://openalex.org/W3198340118","https://openalex.org/W3198730737","https://openalex.org/W3205034140","https://openalex.org/W3205271445","https://openalex.org/W3215201135","https://openalex.org/W4200080700","https://openalex.org/W4200221166","https://openalex.org/W4200454119","https://openalex.org/W4210574580","https://openalex.org/W4210754025","https://openalex.org/W4210809437","https://openalex.org/W4212796662","https://openalex.org/W4220819014","https://openalex.org/W4229441880","https://openalex.org/W4246949166","https://openalex.org/W4284993420","https://openalex.org/W4285554899","https://openalex.org/W4285587929","https://openalex.org/W4288988278","https://openalex.org/W4289342549","https://openalex.org/W4294693618","https://openalex.org/W4299701492","https://openalex.org/W4308572489","https://openalex.org/W4312887825","https://openalex.org/W4377984209","https://openalex.org/W4386864428","https://openalex.org/W4387193182","https://openalex.org/W6765634517","https://openalex.org/W6847477106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348562106","https://openalex.org/W2370820329","https://openalex.org/W2370554813","https://openalex.org/W4362576712","https://openalex.org/W2387560707","https://openalex.org/W2363525455","https://openalex.org/W4312355418","https://openalex.org/W2314810092","https://openalex.org/W2384329035","https://openalex.org/W2373380871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"literacy":[3],"has":[4],"emerged":[5,117],"to":[6,34,60,88],"equip":[7],"students":[8,139,149],"with":[9],"digital":[10],"skills":[11,38],"for":[12,39,187,199],"effective":[13],"evaluation,":[14],"communication,":[15],"collaboration,":[16],"and":[17,25,42,71,98,134,144,152,161,178,185,197,201],"ethical":[18,179],"use":[19],"of":[20,49,65,81],"AI":[21,32,52,76,83,143,189],"in":[22,54,191],"online,":[23],"home,":[24],"workplace":[26],"settings.":[27],"Countries":[28],"are":[29],"increasingly":[30],"developing":[31],"curricula":[33],"support":[35],"students'":[36,75],"technological":[37],"future":[40],"studies":[41,85],"careers.":[43],"However,":[44],"there":[45],"is":[46],"a":[47],"lack":[48],"reviews":[50],"summarizing":[51],"education":[53,84,190],"secondary":[55,102,192],"schools.":[56],"This":[57],"study":[58,182],"aims":[59],"provide":[61],"an":[62],"up-to-date":[63],"summary":[64],"the":[66,119],"literature,":[67],"informing":[68],"researchers,":[69],"policymakers,":[70],"educators":[72,200],"on":[73,141],"fostering":[74],"literacy.":[77],"A":[78],"thematic":[79],"analysis":[80,163],"50":[82],"from":[86],"2016":[87],"2022":[89],"was":[90],"conducted,":[91],"evaluating":[92],"pedagogies,":[93],"teaching":[94],"tools,":[95],"learning":[96,170],"contents,":[97],"assessment":[99],"methods":[100],"among":[101],"students.":[103],"Results":[104],"were":[105,127,172],"identified:":[106],"(1)":[107],"Collaborative":[108],"project-based":[109],"learning,":[110],"involving":[111],"interdisciplinary":[112],"problem-solving":[113],"through":[114],"artifact":[115],"creation,":[116],"as":[118],"most":[120],"common":[121],"pedagogical":[122],"approach;":[123],"(2)":[124],"Teaching":[125],"tools":[126],"categorized":[128],"into":[129],"hardware,":[130],"software,":[131],"intelligent":[132],"agents,":[133],"unplugged":[135],"tools;":[136],"(3)":[137],"Junior":[138],"focused":[140],"experiencing":[142],"basic":[145],"concepts,":[146],"while":[147],"senior":[148],"explored":[150],"advanced":[151],"technical":[153],"components;":[154],"(4)":[155],"Assessments":[156],"included":[157],"knowledge":[158],"tests,":[159],"questionnaires,":[160],"qualitative":[162],"(e.g.,":[164],"videos,":[165],"documents,":[166],"presentations);":[167],"(5)":[168],"Students'":[169],"effects":[171],"measured":[173],"across":[174],"affective,":[175],"behavioral,":[176],"cognitive,":[177],"dimensions.":[180],"The":[181],"identifies":[183],"suggestions":[184],"challenges":[186],"implementing":[188],"schools,":[193],"offering":[194],"valuable":[195],"insights":[196],"recommendations":[198],"decision-makers.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":87},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}