{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378229813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803","title":"Multi-level students\u2019 sense of community development in hybrid and online learning environments at higher educational institutions: a systematic literature review","display_name":"Multi-level students\u2019 sense of community development in hybrid and online learning environments at higher educational institutions: a systematic literature review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378229813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111322162","display_name":"Huijin Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huijin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business School of Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362788","display_name":"Xiaojun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-7399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Future Education, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Academy of Future Education, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Future Education, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Future Education, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100362788"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2089,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78167331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"9","first_page":"5397","last_page":"5420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11806","display_name":"Service-Learning and Community Engagement","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14207","display_name":"Higher Education Practises and Engagement","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.6404986381530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5910788774490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5864497423171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4400826692581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4212172329425812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.38980716466903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3843272924423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.3646142780780792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3601391017436981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3170740604400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.10530388355255127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.6404986381530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5910788774490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5864497423171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4400826692581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4212172329425812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.38980716466903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3843272924423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3646142780780792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3601391017436981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3170740604400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10530388355255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2214803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":148,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3025674","https://openalex.org/W71529111","https://openalex.org/W409344806","https://openalex.org/W585331283","https://openalex.org/W1235858924","https://openalex.org/W1480414464","https://openalex.org/W1552703189","https://openalex.org/W1581019934","https://openalex.org/W1600099874","https://openalex.org/W1857170875","https://openalex.org/W1926587867","https://openalex.org/W1968573150","https://openalex.org/W1973178004","https://openalex.org/W1979570593","https://openalex.org/W1980875955","https://openalex.org/W1985190484","https://openalex.org/W1985594806","https://openalex.org/W1986846817","https://openalex.org/W2003554295","https://openalex.org/W2014858765","https://openalex.org/W2018658329","https://openalex.org/W2050330832","https://openalex.org/W2051737522","https://openalex.org/W2053519262","https://openalex.org/W2061410314","https://openalex.org/W2062802122","https://openalex.org/W2077994556","https://openalex.org/W2100680365","https://openalex.org/W2101537501","https://openalex.org/W2117149004","https://openalex.org/W2122517769","https://openalex.org/W2136160543","https://openalex.org/W2151519394","https://openalex.org/W2154273558","https://openalex.org/W2162897826","https://openalex.org/W2167602294","https://openalex.org/W2169812095","https://openalex.org/W2210633314","https://openalex.org/W2295158659","https://openalex.org/W2316972015","https://openalex.org/W2325414427","https://openalex.org/W2343566712","https://openalex.org/W2472256476","https://openalex.org/W2481635602","https://openalex.org/W2506026029","https://openalex.org/W2526032317","https://openalex.org/W2526880320","https://openalex.org/W2561033959","https://openalex.org/W2588210712","https://openalex.org/W2592973421","https://openalex.org/W2601383601","https://openalex.org/W2606137060","https://openalex.org/W2609334834","https://openalex.org/W2612726422","https://openalex.org/W2614976808","https://openalex.org/W2736102777","https://openalex.org/W2744962673","https://openalex.org/W2749390315","https://openalex.org/W2752970129","https://openalex.org/W2755491670","https://openalex.org/W2762345875","https://openalex.org/W2775486081","https://openalex.org/W2799889663","https://openalex.org/W2800864228","https://openalex.org/W2809360463","https://openalex.org/W2811460327","https://openalex.org/W2888184650","https://openalex.org/W2888410539","https://openalex.org/W2894160533","https://openalex.org/W2896486307","https://openalex.org/W2898009749","https://openalex.org/W2898625939","https://openalex.org/W2900834523","https://openalex.org/W2910360803","https://openalex.org/W2916493831","https://openalex.org/W2923893721","https://openalex.org/W2945070866","https://openalex.org/W2945643103","https://openalex.org/W2961944054","https://openalex.org/W2980375929","https://openalex.org/W2981745212","https://openalex.org/W2992143154","https://openalex.org/W3004209101","https://openalex.org/W3006112715","https://openalex.org/W3021075855","https://openalex.org/W3031776383","https://openalex.org/W3035806589","https://openalex.org/W3035991136","https://openalex.org/W3048574822","https://openalex.org/W3089002405","https://openalex.org/W3093448221","https://openalex.org/W3103167464","https://openalex.org/W3106652652","https://openalex.org/W3115646062","https://openalex.org/W3123534837","https://openalex.org/W3123893780","https://openalex.org/W3127286692","https://openalex.org/W3127294651","https://openalex.org/W3129073068","https://openalex.org/W3134030615","https://openalex.org/W3136869509","https://openalex.org/W3153187223","https://openalex.org/W3163641928","https://openalex.org/W3169014226","https://openalex.org/W3176409219","https://openalex.org/W3182849274","https://openalex.org/W3188083983","https://openalex.org/W3194005734","https://openalex.org/W3195331707","https://openalex.org/W3202963999","https://openalex.org/W3203977779","https://openalex.org/W3204219962","https://openalex.org/W3204658458","https://openalex.org/W3217040073","https://openalex.org/W4200270317","https://openalex.org/W4205655241","https://openalex.org/W4210349085","https://openalex.org/W4210702550","https://openalex.org/W4211190540","https://openalex.org/W4213208566","https://openalex.org/W4214523159","https://openalex.org/W4214752006","https://openalex.org/W4220754708","https://openalex.org/W4220827540","https://openalex.org/W4221008856","https://openalex.org/W4223477077","https://openalex.org/W4224320175","https://openalex.org/W4238436855","https://openalex.org/W4245961435","https://openalex.org/W4253314500","https://openalex.org/W4280618694","https://openalex.org/W4281629317","https://openalex.org/W4281771132","https://openalex.org/W4283586722","https://openalex.org/W4283812383","https://openalex.org/W4284965537","https://openalex.org/W4285085063","https://openalex.org/W4286698664","https://openalex.org/W4292749460","https://openalex.org/W4295753326","https://openalex.org/W4295945719","https://openalex.org/W4303195817","https://openalex.org/W4307356855","https://openalex.org/W4307714837","https://openalex.org/W4321847875","https://openalex.org/W6614226208","https://openalex.org/W6631837208","https://openalex.org/W6658476690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348562106","https://openalex.org/W2370820329","https://openalex.org/W2370554813","https://openalex.org/W2387560707","https://openalex.org/W2363525455","https://openalex.org/W4312355418","https://openalex.org/W4362576712","https://openalex.org/W2314810092","https://openalex.org/W2384329035","https://openalex.org/W2373380871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,156],"formulation":[1,121],"of":[2,5,75,108,118,133,141,154],"a":[3,68,123,192],"sense":[4],"community":[6],"(SOC)":[7],"among":[8],"students":[9,32],"has":[10],"received":[11],"significant":[12],"attention":[13],"in":[14,17,40,58,113,150,172],"the":[15,28,52,73,109,115,134,137,147,151,164,180],"literature":[16],"recent":[18],"years.":[19],"However,":[20],"digitally":[21],"enhanced":[22],"learning":[23,42,62,181],"and":[24,33,38,60,84,92,136,139,176,191,196],"COVID-19":[25],"have":[26],"amplified":[27],"challenges":[29],"vis-\u00e0-vis":[30],"connecting":[31],"making":[34],"them":[35],"feel":[36],"involved":[37,149],"recognized":[39],"virtual":[41],"ecologies":[43],"for":[44,64,80,89,183],"higher":[45],"educational":[46],"institutions":[47],"(HEIs).":[48],"This":[49],"review":[50],"examines":[51],"factors":[53],"impacting":[54],"students\u2019":[55,119],"SOC":[56,79,120,184],"development":[57],"online":[59],"hybrid":[61],"environments":[63],"HEIs.":[65,127,155],"To":[66],"provide":[67],"holistic":[69],"view,":[70],"we":[71],"synthesize":[72],"streams":[74],"theoretical":[76],"foundations":[77],"on":[78,126],"keyword":[81],"search":[82],"strategy":[83],"follow":[85],"Preferred":[86],"Reporting":[87],"Items":[88],"Systematic":[90],"Reviews":[91],"Meta-Analyses":[93],"protocol.":[94],"In":[95],"total,":[96],"128":[97],"empirical":[98],"studies":[99],"from":[100,122],"2015":[101],"to":[102,186],"October":[103],"2022":[104],"are":[105],"synthesized.":[106],"One":[107],"main":[110,157],"contributions":[111],"lies":[112],"disclosing":[114],"multiple":[116],"levels":[117],"sociological":[124],"perspective":[125],"It":[128],"further":[129],"broadens":[130],"our":[131],"understanding":[132],"dimensions,":[135],"roles":[138],"responsibilities":[140],"key":[142,169],"players,":[143],"as":[144,146],"well":[145],"units":[148],"social":[152],"context":[153],"findings":[158],"reveal":[159],"that":[160],"HEIs":[161],"should":[162],"\u201ccirculate":[163],"blood\u201d":[165],"by":[166],"integrating":[167],"various":[168],"elements":[170],"identified":[171],"pedagogy,":[173],"instructor,":[174],"learner,":[175],"extra-curriculum":[177],"fields":[178],"into":[179],"ecology":[182],"facilitation":[185],"formulate":[187],"an":[188],"implicit":[189],"curriculum":[190],"more":[193],"interactive,":[194],"supportive,":[195],"caring":[197],"environment.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}