{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289173079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898","title":"The emotional design of an instructor: body gestures do not boost the effects of facial expressions in video lectures","display_name":"The emotional design of an instructor: body gestures do not boost the effects of facial expressions in video lectures","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289173079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031032811","display_name":"Zhongling Pi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-6177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongling Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060404723","display_name":"Renjia Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renjia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066872552","display_name":"Hongjuan Ling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongjuan Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432031","display_name":"Xingyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-1997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400209","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9467-5919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051676173","display_name":"Xiying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-6710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051676173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90225968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"3","first_page":"952","last_page":"971"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12950","display_name":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.9556831121444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.7336494326591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6445926427841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5528374910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-communication","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","score":0.5135026574134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-language","display_name":"Body language","score":0.4766874313354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.455051988363266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4410560131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.24591881036758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.24100342392921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11884060502052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.09257277846336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08372867107391357}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.9556831121444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7336494326591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6445926427841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5528374910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.5135026574134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20253421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477298","display_name":"Body language","level":2,"score":0.4766874313354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.455051988363266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4410560131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.24591881036758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.24100342392921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11884060502052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.09257277846336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08372867107391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2022.2105898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3485244581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GK202103116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5501876626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-05-029-BZPK01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321432","funder_display_name":"Beijing Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8581474059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62007023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321432","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14639031","https://openalex.org/W1730072672","https://openalex.org/W1976153575","https://openalex.org/W1979829485","https://openalex.org/W1980877068","https://openalex.org/W1985898429","https://openalex.org/W2064749740","https://openalex.org/W2078951341","https://openalex.org/W2092024509","https://openalex.org/W2095440384","https://openalex.org/W2096759111","https://openalex.org/W2158180452","https://openalex.org/W2167557160","https://openalex.org/W2268421884","https://openalex.org/W2295854346","https://openalex.org/W2313678225","https://openalex.org/W2326749973","https://openalex.org/W2551548999","https://openalex.org/W2620160396","https://openalex.org/W2735748616","https://openalex.org/W2791864131","https://openalex.org/W2808629754","https://openalex.org/W2810357177","https://openalex.org/W2893009206","https://openalex.org/W2911763550","https://openalex.org/W2941211162","https://openalex.org/W2950158579","https://openalex.org/W2954779189","https://openalex.org/W2959356160","https://openalex.org/W3001679613","https://openalex.org/W3038432790","https://openalex.org/W3083103103","https://openalex.org/W3110031277","https://openalex.org/W3125134975","https://openalex.org/W3126448921","https://openalex.org/W3140601850","https://openalex.org/W3165130774","https://openalex.org/W3169625552","https://openalex.org/W3194260063","https://openalex.org/W3203790180","https://openalex.org/W3210928224","https://openalex.org/W4205712338","https://openalex.org/W4241819366","https://openalex.org/W4283032642","https://openalex.org/W6638019851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2782095833","https://openalex.org/W4206297952","https://openalex.org/W2377538404","https://openalex.org/W2373818565","https://openalex.org/W3087760170","https://openalex.org/W4396748111","https://openalex.org/W1926479433","https://openalex.org/W2296525816","https://openalex.org/W2598216754","https://openalex.org/W2488433095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"video":[1,72,183],"lecture":[2],"instructor":[3,43,147],"exhibiting":[4],"positive":[5],"emotion":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8],"shown":[9],"to":[10,41,52,161,173,185],"induce":[11,45],"similar":[12],"emotions":[13],"in":[14,74],"students,":[15],"improving":[16,25],"the":[17,42,59,132,137,142,146,162],"students\u2019":[18,77,157,187],"motivation":[19],"and":[20,83,113,135],"increasing":[21],"their":[22,26],"attention,":[23,80],"thus":[24],"learning":[27,70,84,158],"performance.":[28,85],"However,":[29],"little":[30],"systematic":[31],"research":[32],"exists":[33],"on":[34,69],"which":[35],"specific":[36],"design":[37],"features":[38],"with":[39,102,119],"regards":[40],"can":[44],"such":[46],"emotions.":[47],"The":[48],"current":[49],"study":[50],"aimed":[51],"test":[53],"whether":[54],"congruent":[55,128],"body":[56,95,104,111,121,129,151,179],"gestures":[57,130,180],"boost":[58],"effects":[60,140],"of":[61,76,141],"an":[62],"instructor\u2019s":[63],"facial":[64],"expressions":[65],"(happy":[66],"vs.":[67],"bored)":[68],"from":[71],"lectures":[73,184],"terms":[75],"emotions,":[78],"motivation,":[79],"cognitive":[81],"load,":[82],"There":[86],"were":[87],"four":[88],"conditions:":[89],"(1)":[90],"a":[91,98,107,115,175],"happy":[92,99,103,143,154,176],"face":[93,100,109,117,155,177],"without":[94,110,178],"gestures,":[96,105,112,152],"(2)":[97],"accompanied":[101,118],"(3)":[106],"bored":[108,116,120,163],"(4)":[114],"gestures.":[122],"One-way":[123],"repeated":[124],"ANOVAs":[125],"showed":[126],"that":[127,168],"strengthened":[131,136],"emotional":[133],"effects,":[134],"attentional":[138],"split":[139],"face;":[144],"when":[145,181],"did":[148],"not":[149],"produce":[150],"her":[153],"facilitated":[156],"performance":[159],"compared":[160],"face.":[164],"Our":[165],"findings":[166],"suggest":[167],"instructors":[169],"should":[170],"be":[171],"encouraged":[172],"exhibit":[174],"giving":[182],"increase":[186],"learning.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
