{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200198449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862","title":"Creating a DGBL integrating ARCS motivation theory with animation, narrative story, fun, and usability to enhance learning motivation and effectiveness","display_name":"Creating a DGBL integrating ARCS motivation theory with animation, narrative story, fun, and usability to enhance learning motivation and effectiveness","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200198449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052782741","display_name":"Kuang-Chung Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14140830","display_name":"Shih Chien University","ror":"https://ror.org/01c3hyk82","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14140830"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuang-Chung Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Simulation and Design, Shih Chien University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Simulation and Design, Shih Chien University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14140830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052782741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14140830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84015647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"9","first_page":"5698","last_page":"5714"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.6373206973075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5681184530258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.531319797039032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4991021156311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4847940504550934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.432839572429657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4233804941177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-design","display_name":"Game design","score":0.41851192712783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.39673948287963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.28492581844329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13241657614707947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.6373206973075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5681184530258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.531319797039032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4991021156311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4847940504550934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.432839572429657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4233804941177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503285160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858057","display_name":"Game design","level":2,"score":0.41851192712783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39673948287963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.28492581844329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13241657614707947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2016862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117541496","https://openalex.org/W153638748","https://openalex.org/W1501326621","https://openalex.org/W1503292535","https://openalex.org/W1570126944","https://openalex.org/W1947644038","https://openalex.org/W1987862629","https://openalex.org/W1993560074","https://openalex.org/W1995935016","https://openalex.org/W2008799189","https://openalex.org/W2013501477","https://openalex.org/W2014971901","https://openalex.org/W2016313516","https://openalex.org/W2027433889","https://openalex.org/W2035700975","https://openalex.org/W2046109688","https://openalex.org/W2051028350","https://openalex.org/W2051163483","https://openalex.org/W2056569531","https://openalex.org/W2068071756","https://openalex.org/W2072083275","https://openalex.org/W2089013358","https://openalex.org/W2090944167","https://openalex.org/W2097528943","https://openalex.org/W2125259774","https://openalex.org/W2134778201","https://openalex.org/W2136317775","https://openalex.org/W2156009043","https://openalex.org/W2179333804","https://openalex.org/W2189275325","https://openalex.org/W2501726075","https://openalex.org/W2545341756","https://openalex.org/W2584481317","https://openalex.org/W2618835450","https://openalex.org/W2886163917","https://openalex.org/W2946942777","https://openalex.org/W2948549522","https://openalex.org/W3041359453","https://openalex.org/W3136508155","https://openalex.org/W3158195593","https://openalex.org/W4244460218","https://openalex.org/W4245115917","https://openalex.org/W4293157137","https://openalex.org/W6630093011","https://openalex.org/W6634167713","https://openalex.org/W6678755729","https://openalex.org/W6686937441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W148745890","https://openalex.org/W2611942503","https://openalex.org/W4315621326","https://openalex.org/W2899790217","https://openalex.org/W1576092969","https://openalex.org/W2598865957","https://openalex.org/W2524154428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,172],"designed":[2],"a":[3,74,84,186],"digital":[4,85],"teaching":[5,28,97,181],"game":[6,31,86,146,180],"named":[7],"Kitties'":[8],"Magic":[9],"Journey":[10],"(KMJ).":[11],"The":[12,30,48,60,89,168],"principle":[13],"of":[14,19,105,113,127,136,144,170],"leveraging":[15],"in":[16,179],"the":[17,27,54,68,79,102,106,114,117,124,128,137,145,151,162],"course":[18],"natural":[20],"technology":[21],"and":[22,40,66,73,95,150,158,177,183],"life":[23],"was":[24,82,109,119,131],"used":[25,51,57],"as":[26],"subject.":[29],"combined":[32],"design":[33,87,147,182,185],"items":[34,148],"included":[35],"animation,":[36],"narrative":[37],"story,":[38],"fun":[39],"usability,":[41],"which":[42],"integrated":[43],"ARCS":[44,69],"learning":[45,70,99,103,125,152,188],"motivation":[46,71,126,153],"theory.":[47],"experimental":[49,80,107,129],"group":[50,56,81,108,130],"KMJ,":[52],"whereas":[53],"control":[55,115,138],"traditional":[58,96],"teaching.":[59],"two":[61],"groups":[62],"were":[63],"administered":[64,83],"pre-":[65],"post-tests,":[67],"scale,":[72],"semi-open":[75],"questionnaire.":[76],"In":[77],"addition,":[78],"scale.":[88],"results":[90,169],"showed":[91,155,161],"that":[92,112,135,190],"both":[93],"KMJ":[94],"improved":[98],"effectiveness.":[100],"Although":[101],"effectiveness":[104],"higher":[110,133],"than":[111,134],"group,":[116],"difference":[118],"not":[120],"statistically":[121],"significant.":[122],"Furthermore,":[123],"significantly":[132],"group.":[139],"A":[140],"canonical":[141],"correlation":[142,164],"analysis":[143],"dimensions":[149,154],"significant":[156],"correlations,":[157],"animation":[159],"dimension":[160],"strongest":[163],"with":[165],"relevance":[166],"dimension.":[167],"this":[171],"can":[173,191],"provide":[174],"future":[175],"reference":[176],"guidance":[178],"help":[184],"game-based":[187],"system":[189],"attract":[192],"students.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
