{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3115884924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","title":"Prediction of learners\u2019 dropout in E-learning based on the unusual behaviors","display_name":"Prediction of learners\u2019 dropout in E-learning based on the unusual behaviors","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3115884924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","mag":"3115884924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010765966","display_name":"Yizhuo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-5496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhuo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101451341","display_name":"Jin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5121-172X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Vocational Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Vocational Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358200","display_name":"Jianjun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1648-8891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100358200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.803,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91933336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"1796","last_page":"1820"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9631999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.8641401529312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6364672183990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/login","display_name":"Login","score":0.5907653570175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4526970684528351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4158228933811188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.8641401529312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6364672183990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113324615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472302","display_name":"Login","level":2,"score":0.5907653570175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4526970684528351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4158228933811188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1857788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W242806660","https://openalex.org/W1896083716","https://openalex.org/W2048595199","https://openalex.org/W2143029658","https://openalex.org/W2290848989","https://openalex.org/W2318366675","https://openalex.org/W2339737456","https://openalex.org/W2409677730","https://openalex.org/W2413258493","https://openalex.org/W2515992743","https://openalex.org/W2527908174","https://openalex.org/W2547364233","https://openalex.org/W2570031728","https://openalex.org/W2576265988","https://openalex.org/W2578388161","https://openalex.org/W2587286194","https://openalex.org/W2595200044","https://openalex.org/W2596377599","https://openalex.org/W2621110471","https://openalex.org/W2631150955","https://openalex.org/W2690430723","https://openalex.org/W2735745708","https://openalex.org/W2758062464","https://openalex.org/W2765207105","https://openalex.org/W2767604415","https://openalex.org/W2778590547","https://openalex.org/W2791021147","https://openalex.org/W2793183907","https://openalex.org/W2797751845","https://openalex.org/W2799390559","https://openalex.org/W2802356375","https://openalex.org/W2887666979","https://openalex.org/W2893991014","https://openalex.org/W2901575697","https://openalex.org/W2902336948","https://openalex.org/W2902765515","https://openalex.org/W2906332655","https://openalex.org/W2914424339","https://openalex.org/W2926786654","https://openalex.org/W2944800971","https://openalex.org/W2949600119","https://openalex.org/W2950852589","https://openalex.org/W2956646654","https://openalex.org/W2963258072","https://openalex.org/W2963929932","https://openalex.org/W3005143707","https://openalex.org/W3005624496","https://openalex.org/W3007158916","https://openalex.org/W3048632235","https://openalex.org/W3086619362","https://openalex.org/W4235661708","https://openalex.org/W4239216739","https://openalex.org/W4398484583","https://openalex.org/W6757387399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347","https://openalex.org/W4210805261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"e-learning":[1,42,63,180],"platforms,":[2],"most":[3],"e-learners":[4],"didn\u2019t":[5],"complete":[6],"the":[7,20,40,55,67,118,146,150,161,168,177,188],"course":[8],"successfully.":[9],"It":[10],"means":[11],"that":[12,78,86,117,173],"reducing":[13],"dropout":[14,35,82,96,98,138],"is":[15,121],"a":[16,29],"critical":[17],"problem":[18],"for":[19],"sustainability":[21],"of":[22,51,57,72,101,105,110,115,149,167,179,191],"e-learning.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25],"aims":[26],"to":[27,32,44,75,144,182,186],"establish":[28],"predictive":[30,151,162,169],"model":[31,71,170],"describe":[33],"e-learners\u2019":[34],"behavior,":[36],"which":[37,91],"can":[38,79,175],"help":[39,176],"commercial":[41,62],"platforms":[43,181],"make":[45],"appropriate":[46],"interventions":[47],"and":[48,65,125,136,159],"incentives.":[49],"First":[50],"all,":[52],"we":[53,154],"defined":[54],"features":[56],"unusual":[58],"learning":[59],"behaviors":[60],"in":[61,141],"platform,":[64],"used":[66],"Cox":[68],"proportional":[69],"hazard":[70],"survival":[73],"analysis":[74,158],"select":[76],"variables":[77,90],"reasonably":[80],"predict":[81],"possibilities.":[83],"Results":[84],"show":[85],"there":[87],"are":[88],"six":[89],"have":[92],"significant":[93],"influence":[94],"on":[95],"behavior:":[97],"history,":[99],"number":[100,104,109,114,135,140],"watched":[102],"videos,":[103],"progress":[106],"bar":[107],"operation,":[108,113],"test":[111],"questions":[112],"weeks":[116],"login":[119],"frequency":[120],"higher":[122],"than":[123],"average,":[124],"payment":[126],"status.":[127],"We":[128],"also":[129,171],"proposed":[130],"cumulative":[131],"gain,":[132],"predicted":[133,137],"retention":[134,189],"learner":[139],"next":[142],"period,":[143],"evaluate":[145],"application":[147,166],"ability":[148],"model.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"performed":[155],"an":[156],"empirical":[157],"verified":[160],"effectiveness.":[163],"The":[164],"further":[165],"shows":[172],"it":[174],"managers":[178],"adjust":[183],"their":[184],"strategy":[185],"improve":[187],"rate":[190],"potential":[192],"lost":[193],"learners.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}