{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3030370150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","title":"Online learners\u2019 interactions and social anxiety: the social anxiety scale for e-learning environments (SASE)","display_name":"Online learners\u2019 interactions and social anxiety: the social anxiety scale for e-learning environments (SASE)","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3030370150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","mag":"3030370150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067520641","display_name":"Sinan Keskin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-3897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118567650","display_name":"Van Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc Y\u0131l \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/041jyzp61","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118567650"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sinan Keskin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University","Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118567650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118567650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000995043","display_name":"Muhittin \u015eahi\u0307n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-1953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133390","display_name":"Instructional Research Group","ror":"https://ror.org/03hx4df17","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41641357","display_name":"Ege University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}],"countries":["TR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhittin \u015eahin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Ege University","Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Ege University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133390"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050728409","display_name":"Sait Ulu\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-8545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66514158","display_name":"Hacettepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sait Ulu\u00e7","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University","Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074546471","display_name":"Halil Yurdug\u00fcl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-4664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66514158","display_name":"Hacettepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halil Yurdugul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Hacettepe University","Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Hacettepe University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067520641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118567650"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.9411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98441848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"201","last_page":"213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12258","display_name":"Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.9447000026702881,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.7221037149429321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5923414826393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.5878287553787231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-factor-analysis","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","score":0.58332759141922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confirmatory-factor-analysis","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","score":0.5589559674263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-anxiety","display_name":"Social anxiety","score":0.5448462963104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-communication","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","score":0.521335244178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-relationship","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","score":0.4236198663711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.3564845025539398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.3516913056373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.33806049823760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometrics","display_name":"Psychometrics","score":0.3081684708595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.21599876880645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.17505937814712524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7221037149429321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5923414826393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5878287553787231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.58332759141922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.5589559674263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777545354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3557657","display_name":"Social anxiety","level":3,"score":0.5448462963104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.521335244178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.4236198663711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3564845025539398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3516913056373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33806049823760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.3081684708595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.21599876880645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17505937814712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:21384d4c-b623-4c40-97d7-c42b17b4a8ee","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://avesis.yyu.edu.tr/publication/details/21384d4c-b623-4c40-97d7-c42b17b4a8ee/oai","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055328","display_name":"Van Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc Y\u0131l University Academic Data Management System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189171353","https://openalex.org/W244396364","https://openalex.org/W1446731391","https://openalex.org/W1484864026","https://openalex.org/W1498181550","https://openalex.org/W1515563657","https://openalex.org/W1546975047","https://openalex.org/W1593070952","https://openalex.org/W1619932778","https://openalex.org/W1668767679","https://openalex.org/W1899775883","https://openalex.org/W1974784880","https://openalex.org/W1974791542","https://openalex.org/W1985991170","https://openalex.org/W2000465322","https://openalex.org/W2015324144","https://openalex.org/W2030163929","https://openalex.org/W2030386269","https://openalex.org/W2032556867","https://openalex.org/W2033265890","https://openalex.org/W2036618718","https://openalex.org/W2037329028","https://openalex.org/W2043927609","https://openalex.org/W2049997524","https://openalex.org/W2052944000","https://openalex.org/W2055468267","https://openalex.org/W2058937433","https://openalex.org/W2066918241","https://openalex.org/W2072323909","https://openalex.org/W2085760745","https://openalex.org/W2085970550","https://openalex.org/W2095958248","https://openalex.org/W2123043487","https://openalex.org/W2125403157","https://openalex.org/W2128277170","https://openalex.org/W2132865717","https://openalex.org/W2137886748","https://openalex.org/W2152615731","https://openalex.org/W2160107503","https://openalex.org/W2286632867","https://openalex.org/W2591871732","https://openalex.org/W2623856009","https://openalex.org/W2889662077","https://openalex.org/W2972884545","https://openalex.org/W2980542980","https://openalex.org/W3011638734","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4241727644","https://openalex.org/W6630847601","https://openalex.org/W6755708993","https://openalex.org/W6794446161","https://openalex.org/W7024636591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898496138","https://openalex.org/W2384586913","https://openalex.org/W2353508554","https://openalex.org/W4254924177","https://openalex.org/W2184398632","https://openalex.org/W4283158313","https://openalex.org/W3135838638","https://openalex.org/W4303645065","https://openalex.org/W3213051682","https://openalex.org/W564637257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0,114],"sharing":[1],"in":[2,11,24,42,83,88,104],"virtual":[3],"learning":[4,60],"environments":[5,85],"differs":[6],"from":[7],"real":[8],"environments,":[9],"resulting":[10],"a":[12,15,32,58,147],"need":[13],"for":[14,117,154],"specialized":[16],"data":[17,63],"collection":[18],"tool":[19,152],"related":[20],"to":[21,30,34,97],"social":[22,39,102,157],"anxiety":[23,40,103,158],"these":[25],"environments.":[26],"This":[27],"study":[28,45],"seeks":[29],"develop":[31],"scale":[33],"identify":[35,98],"the":[36,90,99,113,144,156],"levels":[37,100,159],"of":[38,48,81,101,112,122,138,160],"experienced":[41,54],"e-learning.":[43],"The":[44,62,78,140],"group":[46],"consists":[47,121],"275":[49],"students":[50],"who":[51],"have":[52],"previously":[53],"an":[55],"online":[56,84,161],"or":[57],"blended":[59],"environment.":[61],"were":[64,86,95],"analyzed":[65],"through":[66],"exploratory":[67],"factor":[68,71],"analysis,":[69,72],"confirmatory":[70],"convergent":[73],"and":[74,107,125,136,149],"divergent":[75],"validity":[76],"tests.":[77],"interpersonal":[79],"interactions":[80],"learners":[82],"considered":[87],"developing":[89],"tool.":[91],"Two":[92],"subscale":[93,111],"forms":[94],"created":[96],"learner-learner":[105],"interaction":[106],"learner-instructor":[108],"interaction.":[109,139],"Each":[110],"Anxiety":[115],"Scale":[116],"E-Learning":[118],"Environments":[119],"(SASE)":[120],"23":[123],"items":[124],"three":[126],"subfactors.":[127],"These":[128],"sub-factors":[129],"are":[130],"called":[131],"negative":[132],"evaluation,":[133],"somatic":[134],"symptoms":[135],"avoidance":[137],"analyses":[141],"indicate":[142],"that":[143],"SASE":[145],"is":[146],"reliable":[148],"valid":[150],"measurement":[151],"useful":[153],"assessing":[155],"learners.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
