{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969515974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","title":"Development of a practical system for computerized evaluation of descriptive answers of middle school level students","display_name":"Development of a practical system for computerized evaluation of descriptive answers of middle school level students","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969515974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","mag":"2969515974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015406724","display_name":"Sujan Kumar Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-7980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115715567","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra","ror":"https://ror.org/028vtqb15","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115715567"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujan Kumar Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-7980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115715567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088183314","display_name":"Dhawaleswar Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-4690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115715567","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra","ror":"https://ror.org/028vtqb15","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115715567"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhawaleswar Rao CH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-4690","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115715567"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015406724"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115715567"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5894,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87882666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"215","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.9498999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7738163471221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5828859806060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5710400342941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.568354070186615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.5683437585830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5405046939849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-semantic-analysis","display_name":"Latent semantic analysis","score":0.5223261713981628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4856208860874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tf\u2013idf","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","score":0.43712764978408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.4226284325122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.41729187965393066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.37078458070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3611915707588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.23173052072525024}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7738163471221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5828859806060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5710400342941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.568354070186615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5683437585830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5405046939849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170133592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806883","display_name":"Latent semantic analysis","level":2,"score":0.5223261713981628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4856208860874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81758059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796584","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","level":3,"score":0.43712764978408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.4226284325122833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.41729187965393066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.37078458070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3611915707588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.23173052072525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1651743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4226068529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YSS/2015/001948","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43048615","https://openalex.org/W1485919316","https://openalex.org/W1967082761","https://openalex.org/W2025595753","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2097521136","https://openalex.org/W2115584598","https://openalex.org/W2117108960","https://openalex.org/W2133436118","https://openalex.org/W2142120379","https://openalex.org/W2146537613","https://openalex.org/W2152311353","https://openalex.org/W2169590804","https://openalex.org/W2250874787","https://openalex.org/W2251662771","https://openalex.org/W2251665943","https://openalex.org/W2252084268","https://openalex.org/W2290116166","https://openalex.org/W2474948357","https://openalex.org/W2567289819","https://openalex.org/W2567547739","https://openalex.org/W2597601064","https://openalex.org/W2605898966","https://openalex.org/W2655123653","https://openalex.org/W2800468120","https://openalex.org/W2809584786","https://openalex.org/W2963599398","https://openalex.org/W2963918774","https://openalex.org/W4231734873","https://openalex.org/W4245913251","https://openalex.org/W4386809035","https://openalex.org/W6608122326","https://openalex.org/W7015831105"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667647204","https://openalex.org/W3004487639","https://openalex.org/W2889634579","https://openalex.org/W2742441834","https://openalex.org/W4241948267","https://openalex.org/W2810682696","https://openalex.org/W2580878117","https://openalex.org/W3004518042","https://openalex.org/W3160723488","https://openalex.org/W3096841502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Assessment":[0],"plays":[1],"an":[2,73,162],"important":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5,24,65,127],"education.":[6],"Recently":[7],"proposed":[8],"machine":[9],"learning-based":[10],"systems":[11],"for":[12,56],"answer":[13,42,60,76,84,118,168,179],"grading":[14,43,61],"demand":[15],"a":[16,38,46,53,66,82,153,194],"large":[17],"training":[18,31],"data":[19,32],"which":[20],"is":[21,33,44,159,191],"not":[22,125],"available":[23],"many":[25],"application":[26],"areas.":[27],"Creation":[28],"of":[29,81,164],"sufficient":[30],"costly":[34],"and":[35,77,96,111,139,141],"time-consuming.":[36],"As":[37],"result,":[39],"automatic":[40],"long":[41,57],"still":[45],"challenge.":[47],"In":[48,146],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"propose":[52],"practical":[54],"system":[55,71,132,151,158,176],"or":[58],"descriptive":[59],"that":[62,123,174],"can":[63],"assess":[64],"small":[67],"class":[68],"scenario.":[69],"The":[70,116,131,157,170],"uses":[72,92,152],"expert-written":[74],"reference":[75],"computes":[78],"the":[79,88,128,147,150,175,178,184],"similarity":[80,89,99],"student":[83,117],"with":[85,181],"it.":[86],"For":[87],"computation,":[90],"it":[91],"several":[93],"word":[94],"level":[95,98],"sentence":[97,113],"measures":[100],"including":[101],"TFIDF,":[102],"Latent":[103,106],"Semantic":[104],"Indexing,":[105],"Dirichlet":[107],"Analysis,":[108],"TextRank":[109],"summarizer,":[110],"neural":[112],"embedding-based":[114],"InferSent.":[115],"might":[119],"contain":[120],"certain":[121],"facts":[122],"do":[124],"occur":[126],"model":[129],"answer.":[130],"identifies":[133],"such":[134],"sentences,":[135],"examine":[136],"their":[137],"relevance":[138],"correctness,":[140],"assigns":[142],"extra":[143],"marks":[144],"accordingly.":[145],"final":[148],"phase,":[149],"clustering-based":[154],"confidence":[155],"analysis.":[156],"tested":[160],"on":[161,193],"assessment":[163],"school-level":[165],"social":[166],"science":[167],"books.":[169],"experimental":[171],"results":[172],"demonstrate":[173],"evaluates":[177],"books":[180],"high":[182],"accuracy,":[183],"best":[185],"root":[186],"mean":[187],"square":[188],"error":[189],"value":[190],"0.59":[192],"0\u20135":[195],"scoring":[196],"scale.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
