{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2331414398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","title":"Finding the optimal scaffoldings for learners\u2019 epistemological beliefs during ill-structured problem solving","display_name":"Finding the optimal scaffoldings for learners\u2019 epistemological beliefs during ill-structured problem solving","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2331414398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","mag":"2331414398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059742101","display_name":"Suhkyung Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-5390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143979","display_name":"Systems Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04cv8g472","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143979"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suhkyung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instructional Systems Technology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instructional Systems Technology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I4210143979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073025273","display_name":"Hae\u2010Deok Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-9999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hae-Deok Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073025273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.28070575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83918164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"8","first_page":"2032","last_page":"2047"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6826984882354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5500954985618591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5131012201309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5032808184623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4778463542461395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-analysis-of-variance","display_name":"Multivariate analysis of variance","score":0.42776620388031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.42539727687835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35927021503448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08082807064056396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6826984882354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5500954985618591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5131012201309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5032808184623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4778463542461395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192424360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929408","display_name":"Multivariate analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.42776620388031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.42539727687835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35927021503448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08082807064056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2015.1073749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90466346","display_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","issn_l":"1049-4820","issn":["1049-4820","1744-5191"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W324894078","https://openalex.org/W560601900","https://openalex.org/W609912031","https://openalex.org/W1484048119","https://openalex.org/W1553958247","https://openalex.org/W1658636927","https://openalex.org/W1877337881","https://openalex.org/W1963612400","https://openalex.org/W1969688875","https://openalex.org/W1971492392","https://openalex.org/W1974015313","https://openalex.org/W1976054151","https://openalex.org/W1977466000","https://openalex.org/W1993238593","https://openalex.org/W1999626445","https://openalex.org/W2002017056","https://openalex.org/W2003895144","https://openalex.org/W2004713943","https://openalex.org/W2004970722","https://openalex.org/W2005612834","https://openalex.org/W2009887498","https://openalex.org/W2012172658","https://openalex.org/W2012393468","https://openalex.org/W2013928156","https://openalex.org/W2015173708","https://openalex.org/W2024108905","https://openalex.org/W2031312047","https://openalex.org/W2034092570","https://openalex.org/W2035261094","https://openalex.org/W2040424559","https://openalex.org/W2041271369","https://openalex.org/W2043758830","https://openalex.org/W2043943489","https://openalex.org/W2049646777","https://openalex.org/W2068910005","https://openalex.org/W2070230414","https://openalex.org/W2079447971","https://openalex.org/W2085440119","https://openalex.org/W2086431416","https://openalex.org/W2095694361","https://openalex.org/W2096118005","https://openalex.org/W2103602825","https://openalex.org/W2107429464","https://openalex.org/W2123853620","https://openalex.org/W2131683772","https://openalex.org/W2159451982","https://openalex.org/W2164599981","https://openalex.org/W2171472558","https://openalex.org/W3014588355","https://openalex.org/W4230973120","https://openalex.org/W4245367419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371153315","https://openalex.org/W3178534496","https://openalex.org/W1537632507","https://openalex.org/W2996279731","https://openalex.org/W4244651717","https://openalex.org/W4300116240","https://openalex.org/W2110621124","https://openalex.org/W2369825981","https://openalex.org/W2037004935","https://openalex.org/W2081472162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AbstractThis":[0],"study":[1,19],"investigates":[2],"how":[3],"scaffolding":[4,24,66,82,117,132,142],"type":[5,22,118],"and":[6,27,51,74,97,99,119,137,197,205],"learners'":[7],"epistemological":[8,30,88,107,120,150],"beliefs":[9,89],"influence":[10],"ill-structured":[11,153],"problem":[12,72,135],"solving.":[13],"The":[14,37,53],"independent":[15],"variables":[16,39],"in":[17,63,79,133,177],"this":[18],"include":[20,40],"the":[21,28,64,80,148,168,193,198,201],"of":[23,43,57,141,163,190,195,200],"(task-supported,":[25],"self-monitoring)":[26],"student's":[29,149],"belief":[31,121,151],"level":[32],"(more":[33],"advanced,":[34],"less":[35,105],"advanced).":[36],"dependent":[38],"three":[41],"components":[42],"problem-solving":[44],"skill":[45],"(problem":[46],"representation,":[47],"solution":[48,75,95],"development,":[49],"monitoring":[50,98],"evaluation).":[52],"two-way":[54],"multivariate":[55],"analysis":[56],"variance":[58],"results":[59],"reveal":[60],"that":[61,126,138],"students":[62,127],"self-monitoring":[65,131],"group":[67],"earned":[68,91],"higher":[69,92],"scores":[70,93],"on":[71,94,170],"representation":[73],"development":[76,96],"than":[77,101],"those":[78,103],"task-supported":[81],"group.":[83],"Students":[84],"with":[85,104],"more":[86],"advanced":[87,106],"also":[90],"evaluation":[100],"did":[102],"beliefs.":[108],"In":[109],"addition,":[110],"a":[111,174,188],"significant":[112],"interaction":[113],"was":[114,165],"found":[115],"between":[116],"level.":[122],"These":[123],"findings":[124],"suggest":[125],"can":[128],"benefit":[129],"from":[130],"web-based":[134],"solving":[136],"different":[139],"types":[140],"should":[143],"be":[144],"provided":[145],"according":[146],"to":[147],"level.Keywords:":[152],"problemscaffoldingepistemological":[154],"beliefweb-based":[155],"learning":[156],"environmentsproblem-solving":[157],"skills":[158],"Disclosure":[159],"statementNo":[160],"potential":[161],"conflict":[162],"interest":[164],"reported":[166],"by":[167],"authors.Notes":[169],"contributorsSuhkyung":[171],"Shin":[172],"is":[173,187],"Ph.D.":[175],"Candidate":[176],"Instructional":[178],"Systems":[179],"Technology,":[180],"Indiana":[181],"University,":[182,208],"Bloomington,":[183],"USA.Dr.":[184],"Hae-Deok":[185],"Song":[186],"Professor":[189],"Education":[191,196],"at":[192],"Department":[194],"Director":[199],"Center":[202],"for":[203],"Teaching":[204],"Learning,":[206],"Chung-Ang":[207],"Seoul,":[209],"Korea.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-20T08:17:22.645390","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}