{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414096536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881","title":"A Validation of the Human-Generative Artificial Intelligence Trust Scale","display_name":"A Validation of the Human-Generative Artificial Intelligence Trust Scale","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414096536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100702096","display_name":"Peng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-1004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Wenzhou University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Wenzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039877371","display_name":"K. Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3584-6175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kexin Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101988621","display_name":"Mei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7388-3954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Wenzhou University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Wenzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106086097","display_name":"Yuanxin Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanxin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101264087","display_name":"Heyu Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heyu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Wenzhou University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Wenzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613560","display_name":"Chen Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-6799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, Wenzhou University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, Wenzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101840889","display_name":"Mingzhu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0751-210X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100297641","display_name":"Junchi Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3070-8122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junchi Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051426573","display_name":"Xiqing Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-2611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiqing Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051426573"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81975248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"7","first_page":"4808","last_page":"4821"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.9531999826431274,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5480999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.25540000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5687000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5480999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5479000210762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.24809999763965607}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2542881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8074536699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZJ41","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335849","funder_display_name":"Anhui Provincial University Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330383","display_name":"Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Sichuan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335849","display_name":"Anhui Provincial University Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3767694","https://openalex.org/W584942340","https://openalex.org/W1574235309","https://openalex.org/W1973213502","https://openalex.org/W1984152835","https://openalex.org/W1989243603","https://openalex.org/W2004845716","https://openalex.org/W2040775239","https://openalex.org/W2040890982","https://openalex.org/W2044140042","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2100379340","https://openalex.org/W2110171129","https://openalex.org/W2144487201","https://openalex.org/W2157575844","https://openalex.org/W2743723307","https://openalex.org/W2765338544","https://openalex.org/W2769533150","https://openalex.org/W2782247249","https://openalex.org/W2905638222","https://openalex.org/W2942966180","https://openalex.org/W2970250414","https://openalex.org/W3093033010","https://openalex.org/W3108041100","https://openalex.org/W3108579688","https://openalex.org/W3157855156","https://openalex.org/W3184347428","https://openalex.org/W3191131351","https://openalex.org/W3203646023","https://openalex.org/W4220793012","https://openalex.org/W4221014470","https://openalex.org/W4226339961","https://openalex.org/W4237060438","https://openalex.org/W4248588746","https://openalex.org/W4308211935","https://openalex.org/W4308885549","https://openalex.org/W4319321305","https://openalex.org/W4322617812","https://openalex.org/W4364377342","https://openalex.org/W4379416244","https://openalex.org/W4383913712","https://openalex.org/W4384834621","https://openalex.org/W4385484115","https://openalex.org/W4386618604","https://openalex.org/W4388295595","https://openalex.org/W4390663977","https://openalex.org/W4390984237","https://openalex.org/W4391321490","https://openalex.org/W4391565425","https://openalex.org/W4391845955","https://openalex.org/W4392163283","https://openalex.org/W4399437527","https://openalex.org/W4399610427","https://openalex.org/W4399851955","https://openalex.org/W4400760748","https://openalex.org/W4401587065","https://openalex.org/W4402269760","https://openalex.org/W4402279444","https://openalex.org/W4402779033","https://openalex.org/W4402815673","https://openalex.org/W4404243120","https://openalex.org/W4408973281"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2380075625","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Trust":[0,116,127],"is":[1],"a":[2,24,136,148],"key":[3],"concept":[4],"in":[5,142],"human\u2013computer":[6,36],"interaction,":[7],"critical":[8],"to":[9,22,84],"the":[10,34,56,114,118,123],"acceptance":[11],"and":[12,39,43,63,105,107,132],"use":[13],"of":[14,59,122],"generative":[15],"artificial":[16,144],"intelligence":[17,145],"technologies.":[18],"This":[19],"study":[20],"aimed":[21],"develop":[23],"trust":[25,37,141],"scale":[26,38,57],"tailored":[27],"for":[28,139],"human-generative":[29,143],"AI":[30],"interactions":[31,146],"by":[32],"adapting":[33],"original":[35],"evaluating":[40],"its":[41],"reliability":[42,131],"validity.":[44],"An":[45],"online":[46],"survey":[47],"was":[48,76,88],"conducted":[49],"with":[50,78],"310":[51],"valid":[52],"responses.":[53],"Results":[54],"showed":[55],"consists":[58],"three":[60],"dimensions\u2014benevolence,":[61],"competence,":[62],"reciprocity\u2014comprising":[64],"nine":[65],"items,":[66],"all":[67],"exhibiting":[68],"good":[69],"discrimination.":[70],"The":[71],"scale\u2019s":[72],"overall":[73],"Cronbach\u2019s":[74],"alpha":[75],"0.891,":[77],"individual":[79],"dimensions":[80],"ranging":[81],"from":[82],"0.806":[83],"0.810.":[85],"Structural":[86],"validity":[87,109],"confirmed":[89],"(\u03c72/df":[90],"=":[91,94,97,100,103],"2.32,":[92],"TLI":[93],"0.92,":[95],"CFI":[96],"0.95,":[98],"RMSEA":[99],"0.09,":[101],"SRMR":[102],"0.05),":[104],"criterion-related":[106],"convergent":[108],"were":[110],"well-supported.":[111],"Based":[112],"on":[113],"Human\u2013Computer":[115],"Scale,":[117],"adapted":[119],"Chinese":[120,149],"version":[121],"Human-Generative":[124],"Artificial":[125],"Intelligence":[126],"Scale":[128],"exhibits":[129],"strong":[130],"validity,":[133],"making":[134],"it":[135],"valuable":[137],"instrument":[138],"assessing":[140],"within":[147],"user":[150],"context.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}