{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391101918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557","title":"Acceptance of Educational Use of AI Chatbots in the Context of Self-Directed Learning with Technology and ICT Self-Efficacy of Undergraduate Students","display_name":"Acceptance of Educational Use of AI Chatbots in the Context of Self-Directed Learning with Technology and ICT Self-Efficacy of Undergraduate Students","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391101918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079874268","display_name":"Elif E\u015fiyok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9486-7067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802961905","display_name":"School of Advertising Art","ror":"https://ror.org/05npcpv02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802961905"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45542416","display_name":"Atilim University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pd3v454","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45542416"]}],"countries":["TR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elif Esiyok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Relations and Advertising, School of Business, Atilim University","Public Relations and Advertising, School of Business, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Relations and Advertising, School of Business, Atilim University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802961905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Relations and Advertising, School of Business, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45542416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063003254","display_name":"\u015eahin G\u00f6k\u00e7earslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127308","display_name":"Yangon University Of Distance Education","ror":"https://ror.org/034k66c68","country_code":"MM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127308"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95634034","display_name":"Gazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}],"countries":["MM","TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sahin Gokcearslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Distance Education Research and Development Center, Gazi University","Distance Education Research and Development Center, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distance Education Research and Development Center, Gazi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distance Education Research and Development Center, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95634034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021572704","display_name":"Kemal G\u00fcrkan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckergi\u0307n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3761-4340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107574","display_name":"School of Business and Management","ror":"https://ror.org/01e2adt21","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45542416","display_name":"Atilim University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pd3v454","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45542416"]}],"countries":["FR","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kemal Gurkan Kucukergin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tourism Management, School of Business, Atilim University","Tourism Management, School of Business, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tourism Management, School of Business, Atilim University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tourism Management, School of Business, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45542416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063003254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127308","https://openalex.org/I95634034"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":74.0165,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99896266,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"641","last_page":"650"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13927","display_name":"Cyberloafing and Workplace Behavior","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.6933064460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6336183547973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5776922106742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-acceptance-model","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","score":0.5629164576530457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5231862664222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5174254179000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.49244531989097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.4742419123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.4513520300388336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"Self-efficacy","score":0.4355272948741913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.40159088373184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.38622480630874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33158355951309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.2673555016517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.20024806261062622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1645267903804779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.11013737320899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08142349123954773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.6933064460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6336183547973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5776922106742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776185967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112945","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","level":3,"score":0.5629164576530457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5231862664222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5174254179000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.49244531989097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4742419123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4513520300388336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.4355272948741913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.40159088373184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.38622480630874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33158355951309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2673555016517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.20024806261062622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1645267903804779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.11013737320899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08142349123954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2303557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W957206343","https://openalex.org/W1556686995","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1741890539","https://openalex.org/W1987258130","https://openalex.org/W2011692969","https://openalex.org/W2033943395","https://openalex.org/W2037557484","https://openalex.org/W2063919763","https://openalex.org/W2081055090","https://openalex.org/W2083644385","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2088467549","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2122576503","https://openalex.org/W2182710467","https://openalex.org/W2531402352","https://openalex.org/W2559958334","https://openalex.org/W2563410413","https://openalex.org/W2671486097","https://openalex.org/W2736618809","https://openalex.org/W2746159385","https://openalex.org/W2773253459","https://openalex.org/W2794441396","https://openalex.org/W2903124455","https://openalex.org/W2905811773","https://openalex.org/W2956949459","https://openalex.org/W2957412034","https://openalex.org/W3014523274","https://openalex.org/W3022557213","https://openalex.org/W3036058562","https://openalex.org/W3036612541","https://openalex.org/W3038112531","https://openalex.org/W3080510869","https://openalex.org/W3082568658","https://openalex.org/W3083762786","https://openalex.org/W3085789143","https://openalex.org/W3097042973","https://openalex.org/W3118866989","https://openalex.org/W3121501521","https://openalex.org/W3125449341","https://openalex.org/W3126219458","https://openalex.org/W3154793835","https://openalex.org/W3165095430","https://openalex.org/W3182242133","https://openalex.org/W3193767085","https://openalex.org/W3200507152","https://openalex.org/W3202752135","https://openalex.org/W3208833663","https://openalex.org/W3210140268","https://openalex.org/W3216138455","https://openalex.org/W4200099085","https://openalex.org/W4200531362","https://openalex.org/W4214606152","https://openalex.org/W4221073416","https://openalex.org/W4235981704","https://openalex.org/W4252212065","https://openalex.org/W4280572555","https://openalex.org/W4283583111","https://openalex.org/W4289181454","https://openalex.org/W4296982224","https://openalex.org/W4297695656","https://openalex.org/W4304183136","https://openalex.org/W4313575153","https://openalex.org/W4319754774","https://openalex.org/W4321494359","https://openalex.org/W4322715892","https://openalex.org/W4323352096","https://openalex.org/W4323359867","https://openalex.org/W4353091350","https://openalex.org/W4361009501","https://openalex.org/W4362667784","https://openalex.org/W4378214315","https://openalex.org/W4378715452","https://openalex.org/W4383567513","https://openalex.org/W4387053877","https://openalex.org/W6633838850","https://openalex.org/W6686254041","https://openalex.org/W6743681256"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383501580","https://openalex.org/W4214931137","https://openalex.org/W4313813117","https://openalex.org/W4382052417","https://openalex.org/W3192088754","https://openalex.org/W4387007686","https://openalex.org/W3084631705","https://openalex.org/W3176146353","https://openalex.org/W4293646425","https://openalex.org/W4379781060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"long":[1],"now,":[2],"the":[3,25,46,54,61,78,91,98,114,130,143,146],"use":[4,44,56,118,133,148],"of":[5,27,31,39,57,63,117,149],"Artificial":[6],"Intelligence":[7],"(AI)":[8],"chatbots":[9,59],"in":[10,18,45,60,176],"higher":[11],"education":[12],"to":[13,52,132,140,169,178],"support":[14,170],"and":[15,42,72,90,122,145,167,172],"engage":[16],"learners":[17],"classroom":[19],"learning":[20,35,65],"activities":[21,168,175],"has":[22],"been":[23],"attracting":[24],"attention":[26],"researchers.":[28],"The":[29,84,106],"acceptance":[30],"this":[32,49],"technology":[33,67,74],"for":[34],"purposes":[36],"is":[37,138,155],"indicative":[38],"learners'":[40],"intentions":[41],"actual":[43,147],"future.":[47],"Hence,":[48],"study":[50,85],"aims":[51],"test":[53],"educational":[55],"AI":[58,134,150],"context":[62],"self-directed":[64],"with":[66,70],"(SDLT)":[68],"along":[69],"information":[71],"communication":[73],"(ICT)":[75],"self-efficacy,":[76],"using":[77],"extended":[79],"Technology":[80],"Acceptance":[81],"Model":[82,104],"(TAM).":[83],"involved":[86],"414":[87],"undergraduate":[88],"students,":[89],"research":[92],"model":[93],"was":[94],"tested":[95],"by":[96],"utilizing":[97],"Partial":[99],"Least":[100],"Square":[101],"Structural":[102],"Equation":[103],"(PLS-SEM).":[105],"results":[107],"indicate":[108],"that":[109,162],"ICT":[110,180],"self-efficacy":[111,181],"affects":[112],"only":[113],"perceived":[115,123],"ease":[116],"(PEU),":[119],"whereas":[120],"PEU":[121],"usefulness":[124],"have":[125],"a":[126],"positive":[127],"effect":[128],"on":[129],"intention":[131,144],"chatbots.":[135,151],"Moreover,":[136],"SDLT":[137],"shown":[139],"affect":[141],"both":[142],"As":[152],"such,":[153],"it":[154],"suggested":[156],"\u2013":[157,161],"among":[158,182],"other":[159],"notes":[160],"universities":[163],"update":[164],"their":[165],"curricula":[166],"SDLT,":[171],"also":[173],"organize":[174],"order":[177],"increase":[179],"students.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
