{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381855204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948","title":"FMASketch: Freehand Mid-Air Sketching in AR","display_name":"FMASketch: Freehand Mid-Air Sketching in AR","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381855204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102818081","display_name":"Yang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1887-7413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086297696","display_name":"Peixin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-0699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peixin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020915524","display_name":"Xinchi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8628-0418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinchi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000935058","display_name":"Bingchan Shao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingchan Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017746373","display_name":"Guihuan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-5161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guihuan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682444","display_name":"Jie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8204-424X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073104000","display_name":"Bin Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9036-0063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017746373","https://openalex.org/A5100682444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I881766915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65220499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"8","first_page":"2142","last_page":"2152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7859048247337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7351951599121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.7068163156509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6225765347480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.6108260154724121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5937424898147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.530532717704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5134804844856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.47544240951538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.46687787771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.4426565170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.35510939359664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30843085050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12852248549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08718517422676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08666843175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08085846900939941}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7859048247337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7351951599121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.7068163156509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6225765347480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.6108260154724121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5937424898147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.530532717704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5134804844856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.47544240951538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.46687787771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.4426565170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.35510939359664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30843085050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12852248549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08718517422676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08666843175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08085846900939941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2223948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551204430","https://openalex.org/W1966870659","https://openalex.org/W1977266854","https://openalex.org/W1977452208","https://openalex.org/W1988396097","https://openalex.org/W2026687385","https://openalex.org/W2044656118","https://openalex.org/W2065228210","https://openalex.org/W2079664387","https://openalex.org/W2082240847","https://openalex.org/W2124820153","https://openalex.org/W2140033798","https://openalex.org/W2161304134","https://openalex.org/W2329911166","https://openalex.org/W2346416376","https://openalex.org/W2605223754","https://openalex.org/W2660336915","https://openalex.org/W2795472713","https://openalex.org/W2884910046","https://openalex.org/W2940909959","https://openalex.org/W2941079125","https://openalex.org/W2981917765","https://openalex.org/W3030277019","https://openalex.org/W3032143210","https://openalex.org/W3176285151","https://openalex.org/W4288079498","https://openalex.org/W4293067778","https://openalex.org/W6749662597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W2392363776","https://openalex.org/W2063051341","https://openalex.org/W2591066345","https://openalex.org/W1494563618","https://openalex.org/W2357022711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sketching":[0],"is":[1,42,119,126,159],"a":[2,26,115,165],"common":[3],"way":[4],"to":[5,21,35,47,73,102,122,161],"depict":[6],"design":[7],"ideas":[8],"freely.":[9],"Augmented":[10],"reality":[11],"technology":[12],"extends":[13],"the":[14,19,22,36,82,91,109,112,129,141,144],"human\u2013computer":[15],"interaction":[16],"space":[17,29],"from":[18],"screen":[20],"real":[23],"world,":[24],"providing":[25],"new":[27,166],"application":[28],"for":[30,44,168],"3D":[31,56,116,124],"sketching.":[32],"However,":[33],"due":[34],"difficulty":[37],"of":[38,68,143],"depth":[39],"perception,":[40],"it":[41],"difficult":[43],"sketching":[45,157],"strokes":[46,83,110],"maintain":[48],"good":[49],"planar":[50],"and":[51,108,135,149,163],"spatial":[52],"consistency,":[53],"making":[54],"drawing":[55,69,95,106,132],"sketches":[57,71],"in":[58,96,152,171],"AR":[59,172],"challenging.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62,153],"article,":[63],"we":[64],"propose":[65],"FMASketch\u2014a":[66],"method":[67,148,158],"mid-air":[70,156],"similar":[72,121],"building":[74],"blocks.":[75],"The":[76,155],"auxiliary":[77,145],"surfaces":[78],"can":[79,87],"ensure":[80],"that":[81],"drawn":[84],"by":[85,131],"users":[86],"always":[88],"stay":[89],"on":[90,111,128],"same":[92],"plane":[93],"as":[94],"2D":[97],"space.":[98],"Gestures":[99],"are":[100],"used":[101],"stitch":[103],"together":[104],"multiple":[105],"planes,":[107],"planes":[113],"form":[114],"sketch,":[117],"which":[118],"very":[120],"how":[123],"modeling":[125,170],"done":[127],"desktop":[130],"different":[133],"views":[134],"assembling":[136],"them.":[137],"Experiments":[138],"have":[139],"verified":[140],"effectiveness":[142],"surface":[146],"generation":[147],"gesture":[150],"operations":[151],"article.":[154],"easy":[160],"learn":[162],"provides":[164],"idea":[167],"rapid":[169],"scenarios.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}