{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3084137655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","title":"Self-identification with a Virtual Experience and Its Moderating Effect on Self-efficacy and Presence","display_name":"Self-identification with a Virtual Experience and Its Moderating Effect on Self-efficacy and Presence","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3084137655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","mag":"3084137655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035793667","display_name":"Ni Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ni Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054045864","display_name":"Ding Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-3725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ding Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012540828","display_name":"M. Birna van Riemsdijk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-5271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Birna Van Riemsdijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human-Media Interaction Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human-Media Interaction Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069450974","display_name":"Nexhmedin Morina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nexhmedin Morina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052182362","display_name":"Mark A. Neerincx","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-5722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A. Neerincx","raw_affiliation_strings":["Human Factors, TNO, Soesterberg, The Netherlands","Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Factors, TNO, Soesterberg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027788069","display_name":"Willem\u2010Paul Brinkman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-7092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willem-Paul Brinkman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interactive Intelligence Group, Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054045864"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.735,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90004593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"181","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12521","display_name":"Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.7504427433013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"Self-efficacy","score":0.7486686110496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"Moderation","score":0.7005158066749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.656619131565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5563746094703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.5184111595153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self","display_name":"Self","score":0.5169991254806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.49509111046791077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.4526488780975342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.432670533657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.38490989804267883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7504427433013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.7486686110496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.7005158066749573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.656619131565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5563746094703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5184111595153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17235551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3236990","display_name":"Self","level":2,"score":0.5169991254806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.49509111046791077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.4526488780975342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.432670533657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.38490989804267883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire/d4f55dc5-e3dd-4591-a2fb-f3deb67aa0fd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/d4f55dc5-e3dd-4591-a2fb-f3deb67aa0fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kang, N, Ding, D, van Riemsdijk, M B, Morina, N, Neerincx, M & Brinkman, W-P 2021, 'Self-identification with a Virtual Experience and Its Moderating Effect on Self-efficacy and Presence', International journal of human-computer interaction, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 181-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:52241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:770c332b-7c06-4aef-b19b-f52204a6821b","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34637851/wEAQtg/kang-2021-selfidentification.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 37(2), pp. 181-196.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:28053dcf-2481-4ed7-92f0-7f4709ed3b2f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:28053dcf-2481-4ed7-92f0-7f4709ed3b2f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10447318.2020.1812909?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1080715186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2010609042 and 201506090167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1426318481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2300736770","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4055753368","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2010609042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4132985236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6009445997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G629491556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NWO)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7069589927","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201506090167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7974229181","display_name":"Branching controls yield in barley","funder_award_id":"15060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3084137655.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3084137655.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86918345","https://openalex.org/W104985052","https://openalex.org/W299951273","https://openalex.org/W320929745","https://openalex.org/W1212620601","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1589294126","https://openalex.org/W1605184067","https://openalex.org/W1612899892","https://openalex.org/W1853162924","https://openalex.org/W1934425758","https://openalex.org/W1971947980","https://openalex.org/W1973787747","https://openalex.org/W1975155324","https://openalex.org/W1978630615","https://openalex.org/W1995497949","https://openalex.org/W1996884075","https://openalex.org/W1999364579","https://openalex.org/W2003223449","https://openalex.org/W2005033239","https://openalex.org/W2024999123","https://openalex.org/W2025000184","https://openalex.org/W2029402977","https://openalex.org/W2037870389","https://openalex.org/W2047083614","https://openalex.org/W2060932201","https://openalex.org/W2072484934","https://openalex.org/W2072645711","https://openalex.org/W2085856815","https://openalex.org/W2086771214","https://openalex.org/W2094397115","https://openalex.org/W2099697766","https://openalex.org/W2101744684","https://openalex.org/W2117442693","https://openalex.org/W2118826874","https://openalex.org/W2121999069","https://openalex.org/W2124074613","https://openalex.org/W2129055978","https://openalex.org/W2130299716","https://openalex.org/W2134257552","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2146006411","https://openalex.org/W2146431883","https://openalex.org/W2148863487","https://openalex.org/W2152336442","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2159704071","https://openalex.org/W2160586172","https://openalex.org/W2161210110","https://openalex.org/W2161328799","https://openalex.org/W2163004454","https://openalex.org/W2163105132","https://openalex.org/W2163290657","https://openalex.org/W2164854045","https://openalex.org/W2165564615","https://openalex.org/W2170100837","https://openalex.org/W2180683569","https://openalex.org/W2289937106","https://openalex.org/W2398350456","https://openalex.org/W2613689758","https://openalex.org/W2614221221","https://openalex.org/W2765940839","https://openalex.org/W2883784006","https://openalex.org/W2900712245","https://openalex.org/W3003488356","https://openalex.org/W3123271477","https://openalex.org/W3124172429","https://openalex.org/W3207406831","https://openalex.org/W4206036760","https://openalex.org/W4229983736","https://openalex.org/W4237356565","https://openalex.org/W4239203632","https://openalex.org/W4253930384","https://openalex.org/W4293586167"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093710306","https://openalex.org/W750217911","https://openalex.org/W2740268725","https://openalex.org/W4206949499","https://openalex.org/W4360895365","https://openalex.org/W2296969234","https://openalex.org/W4226254121","https://openalex.org/W4313163826","https://openalex.org/W4388229525","https://openalex.org/W131533274"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"&lt;p&gt;Effective":[0],"psychological":[1],"interventions":[2],"for":[3,214],"anxiety":[4],"disorders":[5],"often":[6],"include":[7],"exposure":[8,20],"to":[9,52,69,100,211],"fearful":[10],"situations.":[11],"However,":[12],"individuals":[13],"with":[14,64,75,83,116,125,204],"low":[15,121],"self-efficacy":[16,71,144,169,219],"may":[17],"find":[18],"such":[19],"too":[21],"overwhelming.":[22],"We":[23,198],"created":[24],"a":[25,38,92,101,113,118,154],"vicarious":[26,55,81,102,146,173,191],"experience":[27,36,66,103],"in":[28,91,110,189,193],"virtual":[29,114],"reality,":[30],"which":[31,46],"enables":[32],"observation":[33],"of":[34,62,87,104,112,123,156,186,206],"one\u2019s":[35],"from":[37,130],"first":[39],"person":[40],"perspective":[41],"without":[42],"actual":[43],"performance":[44,162],"and":[45,57,72,163,174,179,192],"might":[47],"increase":[48],"self-efficacy.":[49],"With":[50],"similarities":[51],"both":[53,131],"traditional":[54],"experiences":[56,82,203],"direct":[58,76,177,196],"experiences,":[59],"the":[60,65,126,158,166,172,175,181,184,190,194,201,209],"level":[61,122],"self-identification":[63,88,124,141,152,207],"was":[67],"hypothesized":[68],"affect":[70],"its":[73],"relationship":[74],"experiences.":[77],"To":[78],"test":[79],"this,":[80],"two":[84],"distinct":[85],"levels":[86],"were":[89],"compared":[90],"between-subjects":[93],"experiment":[94],"((Formula":[95],"presented.)).":[96],"After":[97],"being":[98],"exposed":[99],"giving":[105],"lectures":[106],"on":[107],"elementary":[108],"arithmetic":[109],"front":[111],"audience":[115],"either":[117],"high":[119],"or":[120],"public":[127],"speaker,":[128],"participants":[129],"conditions":[132],"actively":[133],"gave":[134],"another":[135],"lecture.":[136],"The":[137],"results":[138],"revealed":[139,150],"that":[140,151,200],"affected":[142],"people\u2019s":[143,218],"after":[145,171],"experience.":[147,197],"They":[148],"further":[149],"is":[153,220],"moderator":[155],"(1)":[157],"correlation":[159,167,182],"between":[160,168,183],"perceived":[161],"self-efficacy,":[164],"(2)":[165],"measured":[170],"follow-up":[176,195],"experience;":[178],"(3)":[180],"sense":[185],"presence":[187],"reported":[188],"anticipate":[199],"first-person-perspective":[202],"high-level":[205],"have":[208],"potential":[210],"be":[212],"beneficial":[213],"training":[215],"where":[216],"changing":[217],"desirable.&lt;/p&gt;":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
