{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965631373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","title":"Creating Effective Automation to Maintain Explicit User Engagement","display_name":"Creating Effective Automation to Maintain Explicit User Engagement","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965631373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","mag":"2965631373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052636612","display_name":"Jason M. Bindewald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-8368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55061410","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294991024","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason M. Bindewald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-8368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101523676","display_name":"Michael E. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-3437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55061410","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294991024","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology","Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-3437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085916845","display_name":"Gilbert L. Peterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55061410","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294991024","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilbert L. Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101523676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5127,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71041035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"4","first_page":"341","last_page":"354"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9696000218391418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5699999332427979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5667715072631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5589813590049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-engagement","display_name":"User engagement","score":0.48801150918006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3702431917190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.27664893865585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2284441590309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.06537050008773804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5699999332427979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5667715072631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5589813590049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.48801150918006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3702431917190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.27664893865585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2284441590309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06537050008773804}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2019.1642618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338278","display_name":"Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43120215","https://openalex.org/W139551720","https://openalex.org/W1497874644","https://openalex.org/W1605965041","https://openalex.org/W1793820783","https://openalex.org/W1971761040","https://openalex.org/W1972742795","https://openalex.org/W1988930537","https://openalex.org/W1991623514","https://openalex.org/W1996574672","https://openalex.org/W2001978879","https://openalex.org/W2001989951","https://openalex.org/W2017030442","https://openalex.org/W2018259906","https://openalex.org/W2024067166","https://openalex.org/W2031696403","https://openalex.org/W2034526187","https://openalex.org/W2035601998","https://openalex.org/W2042175889","https://openalex.org/W2060019911","https://openalex.org/W2062489085","https://openalex.org/W2063052894","https://openalex.org/W2064283760","https://openalex.org/W2069287462","https://openalex.org/W2072041476","https://openalex.org/W2076883103","https://openalex.org/W2079418061","https://openalex.org/W2087511931","https://openalex.org/W2097541468","https://openalex.org/W2108353880","https://openalex.org/W2124853884","https://openalex.org/W2125922307","https://openalex.org/W2140418278","https://openalex.org/W2143679330","https://openalex.org/W2145279167","https://openalex.org/W2153220708","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2279654871","https://openalex.org/W2292943482","https://openalex.org/W2317703049","https://openalex.org/W2322356220","https://openalex.org/W2343175937","https://openalex.org/W2396790928","https://openalex.org/W2596734537","https://openalex.org/W2609583532","https://openalex.org/W2736548768","https://openalex.org/W3169265430","https://openalex.org/W4231478384","https://openalex.org/W4235390691","https://openalex.org/W4239990761","https://openalex.org/W4240128810","https://openalex.org/W4300009529","https://openalex.org/W6725489537"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1273303","https://openalex.org/W4408358","https://openalex.org/W495261","https://openalex.org/W7433516","https://openalex.org/W12132735","https://openalex.org/W12388203","https://openalex.org/W3239306","https://openalex.org/W10038903","https://openalex.org/W10978030","https://openalex.org/W11161988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Loss":[0],"of":[1,42,74,126],"user":[2,44,55,127],"engagement":[3,111,144],"with":[4,39,112,124],"automation":[5,31,53,67,88,93,101],"in":[6],"increasingly":[7,17],"complex":[8],"environments,":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"driving":[12],"a":[13,25,72,116],"car,":[14],"can":[15],"have":[16],"unexpected":[18],"and":[19,145],"consequential":[20],"impacts.":[21],"This":[22,129],"paper":[23],"presents":[24],"three-step":[26],"process":[27,130],"for":[28,52],"designing":[29],"cooperative":[30],"into":[32],"existing":[33],"systems":[34],"to":[35,70,78,90,105,109,119],"maximize":[36],"system":[37,114,147],"performance":[38],"the":[40,75,79,100,107,113,121,139],"constraint":[41],"maintaining":[43,142],"engagement.":[45,128],"The":[46],"first":[47],"step":[48],"identifies":[49],"beneficial":[50],"areas":[51,59],"through":[54,133],"testing,":[56],"focusing":[57],"on":[58,96],"where":[60],"human":[61,108,143],"capabilities":[62],"constrain":[63],"performance.":[64,98,148],"Next,":[65],"an":[66,92],"is":[68,103,131],"created":[69],"perform":[71],"portion":[73],"task":[76],"leading":[77],"constraint.":[80],"User":[81],"tests":[82],"at":[83,115],"this":[84],"point":[85],"compare":[86],"different":[87],"types":[89],"choose":[91],"that":[94],"improves":[95],"human-only":[97],"Lastly,":[99],"trigger":[102],"adjusted":[104],"allow":[106],"maintain":[110],"level":[117],"desired":[118],"avoid":[120],"risks":[122],"associated":[123],"loss":[125],"demonstrated":[132],"three":[134],"human-in-the-loop":[135],"experiments":[136],"which":[137],"illustrate":[138],"trade-space":[140],"between":[141],"improving":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-01T03:34:12.195049","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}