{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399292865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460","title":"A field experiment on ISP training designs for enhancing employee information security compliance","display_name":"A field experiment on ISP training designs for enhancing employee information security compliance","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399292865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116712389","display_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","issn_l":"0960-085X","issn":["0960-085X","1476-9344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/144033","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052094341","display_name":"Ilja Nastjuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9543-8280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74656192","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","ror":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilja Nastjuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","Chair of Information Security and Compliance, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Information Security and Compliance, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055765992","display_name":"Florian Rampold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-1279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74656192","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","ror":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Rampold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","Chair of Information Security and Compliance, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Information Security and Compliance, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066980618","display_name":"Simon Trang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-4038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Trang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Paderborn","Chair of Information Systems and Environmental Sustainability, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Paderborn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Information Systems and Environmental Sustainability, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112738700","display_name":"Jose Benitez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jose Benitez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kent State University","Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Ambassador Crawford College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kent State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Ambassador Crawford College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112738700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7584,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95066999,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"4","first_page":"565","last_page":"588"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-systems-security","display_name":"Information systems security","score":0.7989869117736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compliance","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","score":0.7022992372512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.6627787351608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5080950260162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.4749305844306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-technology","display_name":"Information technology","score":0.46799346804618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-information-system","display_name":"Strategic information system","score":0.45079025626182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4431694746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.4383399784564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-information-systems","display_name":"Management information systems","score":0.43736231327056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-management","display_name":"Information management","score":0.4355366826057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.42697176337242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.35319286584854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2633630633354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24565789103507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.17272362112998962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10299155116081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10175076127052307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988319471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information systems security","level":4,"score":0.7989869117736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7022992372512817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.6627787351608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5080950260162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.4749305844306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.46799346804618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65986115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135904","display_name":"Strategic information system","level":4,"score":0.45079025626182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4431694746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.4383399784564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29848774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61905","display_name":"Management information systems","level":3,"score":0.43736231327056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128487930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q579488","display_name":"Information management","level":2,"score":0.4355366826057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.42697176337242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35319286584854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2633630633354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24565789103507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.17272362112998962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10299155116081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10175076127052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2024.2359460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116712389","display_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","issn_l":"0960-085X","issn":["0960-085X","1476-9344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/144033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/144033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/144033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/144033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":117,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46684033","https://openalex.org/W78707985","https://openalex.org/W129912261","https://openalex.org/W186798271","https://openalex.org/W324885528","https://openalex.org/W604082123","https://openalex.org/W1500900393","https://openalex.org/W1536398137","https://openalex.org/W1559223747","https://openalex.org/W1594051662","https://openalex.org/W1602619638","https://openalex.org/W1891796468","https://openalex.org/W1966055627","https://openalex.org/W1970809283","https://openalex.org/W1974069152","https://openalex.org/W1974589815","https://openalex.org/W2000667443","https://openalex.org/W2001791196","https://openalex.org/W2010902645","https://openalex.org/W2012645943","https://openalex.org/W2017609493","https://openalex.org/W2017785078","https://openalex.org/W2019003643","https://openalex.org/W2021437655","https://openalex.org/W2024419606","https://openalex.org/W2025043113","https://openalex.org/W2025829466","https://openalex.org/W2032406400","https://openalex.org/W2033213440","https://openalex.org/W2049571112","https://openalex.org/W2054496207","https://openalex.org/W2058599614","https://openalex.org/W2072500831","https://openalex.org/W2077514183","https://openalex.org/W2081430061","https://openalex.org/W2093647019","https://openalex.org/W2098118776","https://openalex.org/W2099647042","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2105992541","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2114573628","https://openalex.org/W2119587968","https://openalex.org/W2120612160","https://openalex.org/W2126464680","https://openalex.org/W2130885408","https://openalex.org/W2141794008","https://openalex.org/W2150210684","https://openalex.org/W2152023319","https://openalex.org/W2159376271","https://openalex.org/W2165041900","https://openalex.org/W2170899042","https://openalex.org/W2216034841","https://openalex.org/W2232589958","https://openalex.org/W2276368824","https://openalex.org/W2300663785","https://openalex.org/W2472619899","https://openalex.org/W2475201703","https://openalex.org/W2522954953","https://openalex.org/W2561541699","https://openalex.org/W2566056644","https://openalex.org/W2572178036","https://openalex.org/W2606700149","https://openalex.org/W2738072326","https://openalex.org/W2745218386","https://openalex.org/W2745971308","https://openalex.org/W2760340879","https://openalex.org/W2767985696","https://openalex.org/W2768849025","https://openalex.org/W2769852652","https://openalex.org/W2782420259","https://openalex.org/W2786705330","https://openalex.org/W2788386415","https://openalex.org/W2793422791","https://openalex.org/W2802161859","https://openalex.org/W2883296141","https://openalex.org/W2898579639","https://openalex.org/W2914692020","https://openalex.org/W2924508986","https://openalex.org/W2947292565","https://openalex.org/W2974404758","https://openalex.org/W2974720746","https://openalex.org/W2981683943","https://openalex.org/W2998601404","https://openalex.org/W3007177564","https://openalex.org/W3012479489","https://openalex.org/W3034223452","https://openalex.org/W3044562222","https://openalex.org/W3067255367","https://openalex.org/W3085284030","https://openalex.org/W3098277899","https://openalex.org/W3124884502","https://openalex.org/W3125449341","https://openalex.org/W3159576697","https://openalex.org/W3205142248","https://openalex.org/W3206261414","https://openalex.org/W3216687678","https://openalex.org/W4205472781","https://openalex.org/W4229001507","https://openalex.org/W4237467269","https://openalex.org/W4243667233","https://openalex.org/W4252286598","https://openalex.org/W4254010208","https://openalex.org/W4254761355","https://openalex.org/W4286716377","https://openalex.org/W4293213675","https://openalex.org/W4309770840","https://openalex.org/W4324093415","https://openalex.org/W4362673473","https://openalex.org/W4386752608","https://openalex.org/W4388663946","https://openalex.org/W6637663470","https://openalex.org/W6983638750","https://openalex.org/W7030239333","https://openalex.org/W7052323113","https://openalex.org/W7070833347"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280699381","https://openalex.org/W2041579241","https://openalex.org/W2101394746","https://openalex.org/W1976808751","https://openalex.org/W1978187271","https://openalex.org/W115484909","https://openalex.org/W4296760004","https://openalex.org/W1522322059","https://openalex.org/W2028302819","https://openalex.org/W2910305160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"security":[1,32],"policy":[2],"(ISP)":[3],"training":[4,59,71,96,105,114,126,146,176],"plays":[5],"an":[6],"important":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,103,120,148],"enhancing":[10],"organisational":[11],"resilience":[12],"against":[13],"cyber":[14],"threats":[15],"by":[16,65,167],"providing":[17,168],"employees":[18,100],"with":[19,86,107],"the":[20,40,50,75,91,117,131,143,149,163,172],"necessary":[21],"knowledge":[22],"and":[23,29,45,109,165],"skills":[24],"to":[25,31,37,73,162],"effectively":[26],"identify,":[27],"prevent,":[28],"respond":[30],"breaches.":[33],"This":[34],"research":[35,158,164],"aims":[36],"explore":[38],"how":[39,57],"use":[41],"of":[42,52,70,77,82,93,145,152,171,174],"deterrence":[43,108],"arguments":[44,47,111,140],"threat":[46,110,139],"can":[48,141],"enhance":[49],"effectiveness":[51,76,173],"ISP":[53,58,62,78,95,175],"training.":[54,79,132],"We":[55],"theorise":[56],"affects":[60],"employees'":[61],"compliance":[63],"behaviour":[64],"arguing":[66],"for":[67],"a":[68,124],"transfer":[69],"lens":[72],"study":[74],"The":[80],"results":[81],"our":[83],"field":[84],"experiment":[85],"triangulated":[87],"data":[88],"suggest":[89],"that":[90,138],"effect":[92],"argumentative-enhanced":[94],"is":[97],"twofold.":[98],"First,":[99],"who":[101],"participated":[102],"enhanced":[104],"sessions":[106],"demonstrated":[112],"superior":[113],"outputs":[115,147],"after":[116,130],"training,":[118],"which,":[119],"turn,":[121],"translated":[122],"into":[123],"sustained":[125],"outcome":[127],"three":[128],"weeks":[129],"Second,":[133],"we":[134,160],"also":[135],"find":[136],"evidence":[137,170],"reinforce":[142],"application":[144],"maintenance":[150],"stage":[151],"learned":[153],"behaviours.":[154],"With":[155],"this":[156],"applied":[157],"study,":[159],"contribute":[161],"practice":[166],"empirical":[169],"designs.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
