{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800737351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","title":"Extending perfect timing theory: not just one but several windows of opportunity","display_name":"Extending perfect timing theory: not just one but several windows of opportunity","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800737351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","mag":"2800737351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130699561","display_name":"Technology Analysis and Strategic Management","issn_l":"0953-7325","issn":["0953-7325","1465-3990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology Analysis & Strategic Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091171610","display_name":"Francesco Galati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-6183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Galati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-6183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091171610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05352821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"12","first_page":"1378","last_page":"1391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window-of-opportunity","display_name":"Window of opportunity","score":0.7657901048660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rest","display_name":"Rest (music)","score":0.676999568939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5981095433235168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-lifecycle","display_name":"Product lifecycle","score":0.5912008285522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.513379693031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.4881911873817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.44244852662086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4421081244945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunity-cost","display_name":"Opportunity cost","score":0.4394713044166565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.42643237113952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41894856095314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.40282493829727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.39055848121643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.38498687744140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.28997257351875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.2802638113498688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17986640334129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.06821581721305847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778363899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23900955","display_name":"Window of opportunity","level":2,"score":0.7657901048660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.676999568939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5981095433235168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194304873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967338","display_name":"Product lifecycle","level":3,"score":0.5912008285522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.513379693031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4881911873817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.44244852662086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4421081244945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68359772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185715","display_name":"Opportunity cost","level":2,"score":0.4394713044166565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42643237113952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41894856095314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.40282493829727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.39055848121643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.38498687744140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.28997257351875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.2802638113498688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17986640334129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06821581721305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1472760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130699561","display_name":"Technology Analysis and Strategic Management","issn_l":"0953-7325","issn":["0953-7325","1465-3990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology Analysis & Strategic Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8168834","https://openalex.org/W1495507237","https://openalex.org/W1497006074","https://openalex.org/W1524264467","https://openalex.org/W1537543935","https://openalex.org/W1540343830","https://openalex.org/W1563646480","https://openalex.org/W1566024402","https://openalex.org/W1601128533","https://openalex.org/W1818509217","https://openalex.org/W1966144537","https://openalex.org/W1977891958","https://openalex.org/W1980055646","https://openalex.org/W1981733426","https://openalex.org/W1994909708","https://openalex.org/W2006916713","https://openalex.org/W2008089547","https://openalex.org/W2008520857","https://openalex.org/W2019094433","https://openalex.org/W2024239144","https://openalex.org/W2027039996","https://openalex.org/W2032176179","https://openalex.org/W2034800859","https://openalex.org/W2034887457","https://openalex.org/W2037231509","https://openalex.org/W2037814458","https://openalex.org/W2042410443","https://openalex.org/W2044760131","https://openalex.org/W2046677485","https://openalex.org/W2047909414","https://openalex.org/W2048203137","https://openalex.org/W2048622662","https://openalex.org/W2053347292","https://openalex.org/W2062900649","https://openalex.org/W2068075854","https://openalex.org/W2068960108","https://openalex.org/W2070161315","https://openalex.org/W2077891130","https://openalex.org/W2078460962","https://openalex.org/W2080505867","https://openalex.org/W2085375238","https://openalex.org/W2095561982","https://openalex.org/W2099670044","https://openalex.org/W2102676563","https://openalex.org/W2109412263","https://openalex.org/W2113468393","https://openalex.org/W2113801185","https://openalex.org/W2125261476","https://openalex.org/W2128500420","https://openalex.org/W2130616645","https://openalex.org/W2137358449","https://openalex.org/W2145912940","https://openalex.org/W2148494150","https://openalex.org/W2213841751","https://openalex.org/W2224655937","https://openalex.org/W2321276313","https://openalex.org/W2327710199","https://openalex.org/W2335336033","https://openalex.org/W2515139463","https://openalex.org/W2527261437","https://openalex.org/W2593935000","https://openalex.org/W2738162599","https://openalex.org/W2739953743","https://openalex.org/W2758286591","https://openalex.org/W2767279390","https://openalex.org/W3122226761","https://openalex.org/W3122458175","https://openalex.org/W3122973065","https://openalex.org/W3123281582","https://openalex.org/W3124508877","https://openalex.org/W3124656583","https://openalex.org/W3124736729","https://openalex.org/W4213183334","https://openalex.org/W4255632349","https://openalex.org/W4301066124","https://openalex.org/W4316617324","https://openalex.org/W4388150634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2488277325","https://openalex.org/W2610434838","https://openalex.org/W2261249832","https://openalex.org/W4254985202","https://openalex.org/W1968833897","https://openalex.org/W3199179209","https://openalex.org/W64073120","https://openalex.org/W2462598351","https://openalex.org/W2618416044","https://openalex.org/W1496177245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"recent":[1],"study":[2,23],"investigated":[3],"the":[4,12,39,65,71,78,84,89,92],"optimal":[5],"time":[6],"to":[7],"enter":[8],"emerging":[9],"industries,":[10],"introducing":[11],"existence":[13],"of":[14,17,42,60,73,83,91],"a":[15,28,74],"window":[16],"opportunity":[18,61],"for":[19],"firms.":[20],"The":[21,81],"present":[22],"doubted":[24],"its":[25],"validity":[26],"in":[27,48,55,88],"situation":[29],"labeled":[30],"as":[31,86],"\u2018long-tail":[32],"industry":[33,50],"life-cycle\u2019.":[34],"It":[35],"is":[36,94],"proposed":[37],"that":[38,54],"concept":[40],"\u2018window":[41],"opportunity\u2019":[43],"could":[44,62],"be":[45],"valid":[46],"also":[47],"long-tail":[49],"life-cycle":[51],"situations,":[52],"but":[53],"these":[56],"cases":[57],"several":[58],"windows":[59],"emerge,":[63],"at":[64,77],"subsystem":[66],"or":[67],"component":[68],"level,":[69],"after":[70],"establishment":[72],"dominant":[75],"design":[76],"product":[79,97],"level.":[80],"crux":[82],"problem,":[85],"detailed":[87],"rest":[90],"paper,":[93],"represented":[95],"by":[96],"architecture.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}