{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977646073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","title":"An extensible circuit-based SAT solver","display_name":"An extensible circuit-based SAT solver","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977646073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","mag":"2977646073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030632553","display_name":"Sajjad Siddiqi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-8185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Siddiqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-8185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030632553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5623777,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"5","first_page":"751","last_page":"768"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8470267057418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.7360418438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-satisfiability-problem","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","score":0.696955680847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardinality","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","score":0.649573802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.5729932188987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction-problem","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","score":0.5295147895812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5202121138572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.48307159543037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43144476413726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.42709264159202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.42690223455429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.418770968914032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20033377408981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15435445308685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11391547322273254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8470267057418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.7360418438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6943359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875276","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","level":2,"score":0.696955680847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87117476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362383","display_name":"Cardinality (data modeling)","level":2,"score":0.649573802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.5729932188987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199622910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128326","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","level":3,"score":0.5295147895812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5202121138572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.48307159543037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43144476413726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.42709264159202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.42690223455429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.418770968914032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20033377408981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15435445308685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11391547322273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2019.1672798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3714799","https://openalex.org/W1481397690","https://openalex.org/W1513176853","https://openalex.org/W1518705996","https://openalex.org/W1577460141","https://openalex.org/W1608123432","https://openalex.org/W1900929702","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2102791214","https://openalex.org/W2108309071","https://openalex.org/W2115436681","https://openalex.org/W2141389982","https://openalex.org/W2142785340","https://openalex.org/W2512056759","https://openalex.org/W2608239929","https://openalex.org/W2612288690","https://openalex.org/W2990320905","https://openalex.org/W2990602799","https://openalex.org/W4229487452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797082784","https://openalex.org/W2806052477","https://openalex.org/W2399682748","https://openalex.org/W1603727575","https://openalex.org/W3012061787","https://openalex.org/W2364124379","https://openalex.org/W4243933347","https://openalex.org/W898526996","https://openalex.org/W1571096584","https://openalex.org/W2012978749"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"satisfiability":[1],"(SAT)":[2],"the":[3,70,73,84,119,132,197,210],"task":[4],"is":[5,24,51,58,76,117,129],"to":[6,14,19,66],"determine":[7],"whether":[8],"a":[9,56,152,173],"propositional":[10],"formula":[11,23],"can":[12,108,156,213],"evaluate":[13],"true":[15],"under":[16],"some":[17,80,184],"assignment":[18],"its":[20,194,222],"variables.":[21],"The":[22,162],"either":[25],"represented":[26],"in":[27,30,46,54,98,118,126,134,147],"CNF":[28,61],"or":[29],"circuit":[31,57,94,205],"form.":[32],"Solvers":[33],"are":[34],"available":[35],"for":[36,79],"both":[37],"representations":[38],"with":[39,159],"comparable":[40],"performance.":[41],"CNF-based":[42,223],"approach,":[43,149],"being":[44],"simpler":[45],"encoding":[47],"and":[48,62,75,100,144,182],"solver":[49,154,163,212],"design,":[50],"more":[52,216],"popular,":[53],"which":[55,155,164],"translated":[59],"into":[60],"then":[63],"solved.":[64],"Translation":[65],"CNF,":[67],"however,":[68,93],"increases":[69],"size":[71,99],"of":[72,91,114,121,189,199,218],"encoding,":[74],"not":[77],"practical":[78],"constraints":[81],"such":[82],"as":[83,137,139],"cardinality":[85],"constraint.":[86],"Circuit-based":[87],"approach":[88],"lacks":[89],"simplicity":[90],"implementation;":[92],"representation":[95],"remains":[96],"compact":[97],"also":[101],"captures":[102],"problem":[103,198],"structure":[104],"where":[105],"domain-specific":[106],"knowledge":[107],"be":[109,157],"exploited.":[110],"An":[111],"important":[112],"application":[113],"SAT":[115,135],"solving":[116,136],"area":[120],"model-based":[122,140],"diagnosis.":[123,141],"Our":[124],"contribution":[125],"this":[127],"paper":[128],"twofold":[130],"enhancing":[131],"state-of-the-art":[133],"well":[138],"To":[142],"simplify":[143],"encourage":[145],"development":[146],"circuit-based":[148],"we":[150,192],"propose":[151],"new":[153,174,211],"extended":[158],"minimal":[160],"effort.":[161],"has":[165],"been":[166],"built":[167],"using":[168,203],"object-oriented":[169],"paradigm":[170],"allows":[171],"adding":[172],"gate":[175],"by":[176],"simply":[177],"inheriting":[178],"from":[179],"existing":[180],"classes":[181],"overriding":[183],"functions,":[185],"hiding":[186],"great":[187],"deal":[188],"complexity.":[190],"Then,":[191],"demonstrate":[193],"effectiveness":[195],"on":[196],"computing":[200],"minimum-cardinality":[201],"diagnoses":[202],"ISCAS-85":[204],"benchmarks.":[206],"We":[207],"show":[208],"that":[209],"solve":[214],"28":[215],"(out":[217],"1000)":[219],"cases":[220],"than":[221],"counterpart.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}