{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092496110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/095281396147357","title":"Experience, introspection and expertise: Learning to refine the case-based reasoning process","display_name":"Experience, introspection and expertise: Learning to refine the case-based reasoning process","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092496110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/095281396147357","mag":"2092496110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/095281396147357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/095281396147357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048427371","display_name":"David Leake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8666-3416"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David B. Leake","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048427371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84167477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3-4","first_page":"319","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.944599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8566252589225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-reasoner","display_name":"Semantic reasoner","score":0.7733385562896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/introspection","display_name":"Introspection","score":0.7329858541488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-based-reasoning","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","score":0.7263869047164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6335453391075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5456720590591431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-reasoning","display_name":"Qualitative reasoning","score":0.544392466545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.5387881994247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5252171158790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-reasoning","display_name":"Adaptive reasoning","score":0.5122608542442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-reasoning","display_name":"Analytic reasoning","score":0.476682186126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reasoning-system","display_name":"Reasoning system","score":0.47019919753074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-reasoning","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","score":0.4677712321281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abductive-reasoning","display_name":"Abductive reasoning","score":0.4342972934246063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.352946937084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3234715461730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.22911062836647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0841589868068695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8566252589225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9616225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3929429","display_name":"Semantic reasoner","level":2,"score":0.7733385562896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129671850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210501","display_name":"Introspection","level":2,"score":0.7329858541488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20162079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151406","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","level":2,"score":0.7263869047164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6335453391075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5456720590591431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83725634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268699","display_name":"Qualitative reasoning","level":2,"score":0.544392466545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.5387881994247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5252171158790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107848011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680756","display_name":"Adaptive reasoning","level":4,"score":0.5122608542442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103057564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751139","display_name":"Analytic reasoning","level":3,"score":0.476682186126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.47019919753074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.4677712321281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166088908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308495","display_name":"Abductive reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4342972934246063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.352946937084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3234715461730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.22911062836647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0841589868068695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/095281396147357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/095281396147357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.53.9554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.53.9554","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/leake/papers/p-95-13.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.71.2844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.71.2844","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~leake/papers/p-95-13.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7205189","https://openalex.org/W22885469","https://openalex.org/W41563103","https://openalex.org/W51251913","https://openalex.org/W51720273","https://openalex.org/W53494103","https://openalex.org/W64525635","https://openalex.org/W94280302","https://openalex.org/W105379932","https://openalex.org/W135375961","https://openalex.org/W170723528","https://openalex.org/W195229871","https://openalex.org/W204603218","https://openalex.org/W657048567","https://openalex.org/W1480468342","https://openalex.org/W1481441570","https://openalex.org/W1489563120","https://openalex.org/W1493140204","https://openalex.org/W1497390930","https://openalex.org/W1500151553","https://openalex.org/W1514477737","https://openalex.org/W1520164249","https://openalex.org/W1525293091","https://openalex.org/W1525609643","https://openalex.org/W1534395135","https://openalex.org/W1548329417","https://openalex.org/W1549202013","https://openalex.org/W1552383265","https://openalex.org/W1554190925","https://openalex.org/W1559064298","https://openalex.org/W1563716826","https://openalex.org/W1566873381","https://openalex.org/W1574625458","https://openalex.org/W1578850914","https://openalex.org/W1581835282","https://openalex.org/W1583533534","https://openalex.org/W1586792377","https://openalex.org/W1687573666","https://openalex.org/W1708874574","https://openalex.org/W1717205696","https://openalex.org/W1747974990","https://openalex.org/W1790715880","https://openalex.org/W1833721562","https://openalex.org/W1876476061","https://openalex.org/W1895754424","https://openalex.org/W1953136326","https://openalex.org/W1966028617","https://openalex.org/W1968266296","https://openalex.org/W1972111963","https://openalex.org/W1977719097","https://openalex.org/W1980169328","https://openalex.org/W1992349935","https://openalex.org/W2003534453","https://openalex.org/W2030607094","https://openalex.org/W2052760193","https://openalex.org/W2095629646","https://openalex.org/W2101602574","https://openalex.org/W2105462466","https://openalex.org/W2108270708","https://openalex.org/W2116196883","https://openalex.org/W2117336060","https://openalex.org/W2124868162","https://openalex.org/W2140064171","https://openalex.org/W2143505596","https://openalex.org/W2143862573","https://openalex.org/W2156074936","https://openalex.org/W2158937425","https://openalex.org/W2180885055","https://openalex.org/W2335322260","https://openalex.org/W2413160534","https://openalex.org/W2479868023","https://openalex.org/W2491234845","https://openalex.org/W2618996857","https://openalex.org/W2798445359","https://openalex.org/W2956670899","https://openalex.org/W4239816899","https://openalex.org/W4240549901","https://openalex.org/W4254521113","https://openalex.org/W4256109151","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605034069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2793985749","https://openalex.org/W2182693335","https://openalex.org/W2491517699","https://openalex.org/W1974525301","https://openalex.org/W165460335","https://openalex.org/W1540734423","https://openalex.org/W2347305376","https://openalex.org/W4247307345","https://openalex.org/W2113245685","https://openalex.org/W2011316522"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"to":[1,19,40,43,53,100,143,149,168],"Re":[2],"ne":[3,95,151],"the":[4,44,54,81,96,133,145,164],"Case-Based":[5],"Reasoning":[6],"Process":[7],"The":[8,47,113],"case-based":[9,23,82,134,152,165],"reasoning":[10,83,89,135,162,166],"paradigm":[11],"models":[12,78],"how":[13,80],"reuse":[14],"of":[15,79,115,147],"stored":[16,31,175],"experiences":[17],"contributes":[18],"expertise.":[20],"In":[21],"a":[22,74],"problem-solver,":[24],"new":[25,45,58],"problems":[26],"are":[27,49],"solved":[28],"by":[29,130],"retrieving":[30,172],"information":[32],"about":[33,163],"previous":[34],"problem-solving":[35],"episodes":[36],"and":[37,142,173],"adapting":[38,174],"it":[39],"suggest":[41],"solutions":[42],"problems.":[46],"results":[48],"then":[50],"themselves":[51],"added":[52],"reasoner's":[55],"memory":[56],"in":[57,77,127],"cases":[59],"for":[60],"future":[61],"use.":[62],"Despite":[63],"this":[64,116,154],"emphasis":[65],"on":[66,108],"learning":[67,120,148],"from":[68,121],"experience,":[69],"however,":[70],"ex-perience":[71],"generally":[72,91],"plays":[73],"minimal":[75],"role":[76,126],"process":[84,136,167],"is":[85,118],"itself":[86],"performed.":[87],"Case-based":[88],"systems":[90],"do":[92],"not":[93],"re":[94,131,150],"methods":[97],"they":[98],"use":[99],"retrieve":[101],"or":[102],"adapt":[103],"prior":[104],"cases,":[105],"instead":[106],"relying":[107],"static":[109],"pre-de":[110],"ned":[111],"procedures.":[112],"thesis":[114],"article":[117,155],"that":[119,140],"experience":[122],"can":[123],"play":[124],"akey":[125],"building":[128],"expertise":[129,170],"ning":[132],"itself.":[137],"To":[138],"support":[139],"view":[141],"illustrate":[144],"practicality":[146],"reasoning,":[153],"presents":[156],"ongoing":[157],"re-search":[158],"into":[159],"using":[160],"introspective":[161],"increase":[169],"at":[171],"cases.":[176],"i":[177],"1":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}