{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046824383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09528130210153941","title":"Making symbols matter: a new challenge to their causal efficacy","display_name":"Making symbols matter: a new challenge to their causal efficacy","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046824383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09528130210153941","mag":"2046824383"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09528130210153941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09528130210153941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008626990","display_name":"James W. Garson","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James W. Garson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008626990"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17362371,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9743000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9725000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-representation","display_name":"Mental representation","score":0.6346423625946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.6187217235565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.595234751701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.558586835861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.49904441833496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4831061363220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.46734291315078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4669989347457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/craft","display_name":"Craft","score":0.4647226929664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-symbolic","display_name":"The Symbolic","score":0.4327690899372101}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96199812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145290","display_name":"Mental representation","level":3,"score":0.6346423625946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.6187217235565186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.595234751701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.558586835861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.49904441833496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4831061363220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.46734291315078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4669989347457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2207288","display_name":"Craft","level":2,"score":0.4647226929664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776095079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489538","display_name":"The Symbolic","level":2,"score":0.4327690899372101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09528130210153941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09528130210153941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153467142","display_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0952-813X","issn":["0952-813X","1362-3079"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101458668","https://openalex.org/W573625725","https://openalex.org/W1513550071","https://openalex.org/W1564529390","https://openalex.org/W1968079292","https://openalex.org/W1987407764","https://openalex.org/W1987986518","https://openalex.org/W1992492178","https://openalex.org/W1993771541","https://openalex.org/W1995387874","https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2005283098","https://openalex.org/W2024110913","https://openalex.org/W2029893876","https://openalex.org/W2049093093","https://openalex.org/W2050894244","https://openalex.org/W2065077271","https://openalex.org/W2075675277","https://openalex.org/W2081981374","https://openalex.org/W2083662566","https://openalex.org/W2118373646","https://openalex.org/W2145482038","https://openalex.org/W2153544422","https://openalex.org/W2163277768","https://openalex.org/W2329859268","https://openalex.org/W2391599638","https://openalex.org/W2888882506","https://openalex.org/W3132758650","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W4232288974","https://openalex.org/W4234821997","https://openalex.org/W4239406174","https://openalex.org/W4239674880","https://openalex.org/W4239909465","https://openalex.org/W4243474568","https://openalex.org/W4244212082","https://openalex.org/W4245007993","https://openalex.org/W4300402905","https://openalex.org/W4300429638","https://openalex.org/W4301663117","https://openalex.org/W4312501474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912168137","https://openalex.org/W2771752657","https://openalex.org/W2936836059","https://openalex.org/W2920882006","https://openalex.org/W1567987063","https://openalex.org/W2030429945","https://openalex.org/W4242030807","https://openalex.org/W2577819098","https://openalex.org/W575990187","https://openalex.org/W1587129102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"locates":[2],"a":[3,21,57,87],"conceptual":[4],"difficulty":[5],"in":[6,102],"the":[7,50,61,78,83,96,103,111],"view":[8],"that":[9,26,32,41,52,71],"symbolic":[10,79],"representations":[11,64,101],"causally":[12,99],"govern":[13],"mental":[14],"processing.":[15],"The":[16,68],"problem":[17],"is":[18,39,53,70],"to":[19,77,110],"craft":[20],"clear":[22],"divide":[23],"between":[24],"systems":[25,31],"are":[27,33,75],"governed":[28],"by":[29,36,95],"and":[30],"merely":[34],"described":[35],"representations.":[37],"It":[38],"argued":[40],"neither":[42],"computational":[43],"functionalists":[44],"nor":[45],"identity":[46],"theorists":[47],"can":[48,85],"secure":[49],"distinction":[51],"needed":[54],"for":[55,60],"defining":[56],"successful":[58],"criterion":[59],"presence":[62,97],"of":[63,82,91,98,113],"with":[65],"causal":[66],"powers.":[67],"conclusion":[69],"until":[72],"those":[73],"who":[74],"committed":[76],"processing":[80],"model":[81],"mind":[84],"produce":[86],"better":[88],"empirical":[89],"account":[90],"what":[92],"they":[93],"mean":[94],"active":[100],"brain,":[104],"their":[105],"claims":[106],"will":[107],"be":[108],"irrelevant":[109],"conduct":[112],"cognitive":[114],"science.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}