{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399499658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277","title":"Gender and Education: Their Role in the Zipfian Distribution of Speech Acts","display_name":"Gender and Education: Their Role in the Zipfian Distribution of Speech Acts","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399499658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034911042","display_name":"Da Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101926610","display_name":"Wang Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-9856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156292868","display_name":"Dalian University of Foreign Languages","ror":"https://ror.org/008a8z393","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156292868"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-9856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Foreign Languages, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156292868","https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101926610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156292868","https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12606686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"210","last_page":"237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9598000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zipfs-law","display_name":"Zipf's law","score":0.7497854232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6519668698310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.5856557488441467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.40371468663215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3836778402328491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3603305518627167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3262324631214142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17870911955833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10335519909858704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125932096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205472","display_name":"Zipf's law","level":2,"score":0.7497854232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6519668698310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5856557488441467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.40371468663215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3836778402328491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3603305518627167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3262324631214142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17870911955833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10335519909858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2024.2363277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3470091776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L22CYY001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335472","funder_display_name":"Social Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335472","display_name":"Social Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12805594","https://openalex.org/W26963497","https://openalex.org/W327385143","https://openalex.org/W367568939","https://openalex.org/W611555972","https://openalex.org/W618491491","https://openalex.org/W1595229305","https://openalex.org/W1820435534","https://openalex.org/W1839768773","https://openalex.org/W1913655412","https://openalex.org/W1955792399","https://openalex.org/W1981534237","https://openalex.org/W1991451320","https://openalex.org/W1996380714","https://openalex.org/W2008357511","https://openalex.org/W2011052607","https://openalex.org/W2041258965","https://openalex.org/W2044196148","https://openalex.org/W2048176942","https://openalex.org/W2053782355","https://openalex.org/W2060603187","https://openalex.org/W2061496281","https://openalex.org/W2071729877","https://openalex.org/W2074365634","https://openalex.org/W2077307609","https://openalex.org/W2090941039","https://openalex.org/W2097219834","https://openalex.org/W2132475942","https://openalex.org/W2153804780","https://openalex.org/W2154612479","https://openalex.org/W2163404117","https://openalex.org/W2183162925","https://openalex.org/W2194917864","https://openalex.org/W2254062359","https://openalex.org/W2312304472","https://openalex.org/W2343809460","https://openalex.org/W2474417737","https://openalex.org/W2497112474","https://openalex.org/W2521551458","https://openalex.org/W2581013600","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2620833468","https://openalex.org/W2621817230","https://openalex.org/W2728521245","https://openalex.org/W2795664966","https://openalex.org/W2896914899","https://openalex.org/W2900944493","https://openalex.org/W2903657341","https://openalex.org/W2904953173","https://openalex.org/W2946312011","https://openalex.org/W2951189024","https://openalex.org/W2952955886","https://openalex.org/W2981630976","https://openalex.org/W2995975909","https://openalex.org/W3006209201","https://openalex.org/W3119464749","https://openalex.org/W3121168070","https://openalex.org/W3161552047","https://openalex.org/W3190089513","https://openalex.org/W3202156680","https://openalex.org/W3209587165","https://openalex.org/W4213244060","https://openalex.org/W4230259257","https://openalex.org/W4231043689","https://openalex.org/W4235073904","https://openalex.org/W4242288162","https://openalex.org/W4242761397","https://openalex.org/W4242991245","https://openalex.org/W4245750526","https://openalex.org/W4285491425","https://openalex.org/W4301357669","https://openalex.org/W6668036633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123832408","https://openalex.org/W2137719806","https://openalex.org/W2744330362","https://openalex.org/W2096748633","https://openalex.org/W2963431268","https://openalex.org/W3131094596","https://openalex.org/W2146223937","https://openalex.org/W2063584014","https://openalex.org/W2165913690","https://openalex.org/W1568990036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Speech":[0],"acts,":[1,51],"as":[2],"basic":[3],"communication":[4],"units":[5],"in":[6,134],"pragmatics,":[7],"are":[8],"highly":[9],"correlated":[10],"to":[11,20,69,79,137,177],"speakers\u2019":[12,61],"communicative":[13],"intentions.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16],"a":[17,76,112,125,135],"worthwhile":[18],"goal":[19],"explore":[21],"whether":[22,41,53],"they":[23],"obey":[24],"some":[25,138],"linguistic":[26],"laws":[27],"that":[28,171],"reflect":[29],"people\u2019s":[30],"cognitive":[31],"mechanisms,":[32],"e.g.":[33],"Zipf\u2019s":[34,172],"Law.":[35],"However,":[36],"few":[37],"studies":[38],"have":[39,157],"examined":[40],"the":[42,47,54,70,83,88,92,99,104,110,115,128,141,178,188,194],"Zipf":[43,100],"distribution":[44,101,105],"can":[45,58,113,144,174],"capture":[46],"frequencies":[48],"of":[49,56,72,91,106,119,127,131,147,160,180,187,191,196],"speech":[50,73,107],"and":[52,65,122],"parameters":[55],"it":[57,123],"show":[59],"how":[60],"attributes":[62],"(e.g.":[63],"gender":[64],"education":[66,149,155],"level)":[67],"relate":[68],"use":[71],"acts.":[74],"As":[75],"preliminary":[77],"attempt":[78],"bridge":[80],"this":[81],"gap,":[82],"current":[84],"study":[85,169],"finds":[86],"from":[87],"data":[89],"sample":[90],"Switchboard":[93],"Dialog":[94],"Act":[95],"Corpus":[96],"that:":[97],"(1)":[98],"well":[102],"captures":[103],"acts;":[108],"(2)":[109],"parameter":[111,142],"distinguish":[114],"dialogs":[116],"between":[117],"speakers":[118,146],"different":[120,148],"genders,":[121],"shows":[124,170],"regularity":[126],"highest":[129],"frequency":[130],"an":[132],"SA":[133],"dialigue":[136],"degree;":[139],"(3)":[140],"b":[143],"differentiate":[145],"levels":[150],"\u2013":[151],"people":[152],"with":[153,163,165],"college-level":[154],"may":[156,184],"higher":[158],"expressivity":[159],"SAs":[161],"compared":[162],"those":[164],"higher-than-college-level":[166],"education.":[167],"This":[168],"Law":[173],"be":[175],"extended":[176],"analysis":[179],"pragmatic":[181],"phenomena,":[182],"which":[183],"become":[185],"part":[186],"synergetic":[189],"system":[190],"language":[192],"through":[193],"approach":[195],"Quantitative":[197],"Linguistics.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
