{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014552602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296171003643098","title":"Cutting the Gordian Knot: The Moving-Average Type\u2013Token Ratio (MATTR)","display_name":"Cutting the Gordian Knot: The Moving-Average Type\u2013Token Ratio (MATTR)","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014552602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296171003643098","mag":"2014552602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296171003643098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296171003643098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110284751","display_name":"Michael A. Covington","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156221","display_name":"Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/05w520734","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Covington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Artificial Intelligence, The University of Georgia , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Artificial Intelligence, The University of Georgia , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156","https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091531790","display_name":"Joe D. McFall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156221","display_name":"Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/05w520734","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe D. McFall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Artificial Intelligence, The University of Georgia , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Artificial Intelligence, The University of Georgia , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156","https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110284751"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156","https://openalex.org/I4210156221"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":424,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9213732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"94","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.7701814770698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knot","display_name":"Knot (papermaking)","score":0.7441188097000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.6131340861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.5628901720046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5577723979949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.5167624354362488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4311956465244293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3959639370441437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3295428156852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.1459212601184845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10372009873390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.07253417372703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06709319353103638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.7701814770698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779863119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423048","display_name":"Knot (papermaking)","level":2,"score":0.7441188097000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6131340861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.5628901720046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5577723979949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5167624354362488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4311956465244293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3959639370441437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3295428156852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1459212601184845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10372009873390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07253417372703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06709319353103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296171003643098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296171003643098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606849611","https://openalex.org/W1544433117","https://openalex.org/W1606480292","https://openalex.org/W1984952172","https://openalex.org/W2003898786","https://openalex.org/W2005313804","https://openalex.org/W2006378407","https://openalex.org/W2012034170","https://openalex.org/W2048405521","https://openalex.org/W2053358174","https://openalex.org/W2083787839","https://openalex.org/W2086804760","https://openalex.org/W2117373735","https://openalex.org/W2128160945","https://openalex.org/W2131267885","https://openalex.org/W2145748623","https://openalex.org/W2317666317","https://openalex.org/W2331880673","https://openalex.org/W2338425439","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4313009944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388335561","https://openalex.org/W2970530566","https://openalex.org/W2967478618","https://openalex.org/W2997152889","https://openalex.org/W4385572700","https://openalex.org/W4307309205","https://openalex.org/W4288261899","https://openalex.org/W4385009901","https://openalex.org/W2109115373","https://openalex.org/W2951114865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Type\u2013token":[1],"ratio":[2],"(TTR),":[3],"or":[4],"vocabulary":[5],"size":[6],"divided":[7],"by":[8,33],"text":[9,29,52,65],"length":[10],"(V/N),":[11],"is":[12,23,31,49],"a":[13,28,45,64],"time-honoured":[14],"but":[15],"unsatisfactory":[16],"measure":[17],"of":[18,27,51],"lexical":[19],"diversity.":[20],"The":[21],"problem":[22],"that":[24,48,57],"the":[25],"TTR":[26,43],"sample":[30],"affected":[32],"its":[34],"length.":[35],"We":[36],"present":[37],"an":[38],"algorithm":[39],"for":[40],"rapidly":[41],"computing":[42],"through":[44],"moving":[46],"window":[47],"independent":[50],"length,":[53],"and":[54],"we":[55],"demonstrate":[56],"this":[58],"measurement":[59],"can":[60],"detect":[61],"changes":[62],"within":[63],"as":[66,68],"well":[67],"differences":[69],"between":[70],"texts.":[71]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}