{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028587098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296170802326699","title":"Hapax Legomena and Language Typology","display_name":"Hapax Legomena and Language Typology","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028587098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296170802326699","mag":"2028587098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296170802326699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296170802326699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108245438","display_name":"Ioan-Iovitz Popescu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141595442","display_name":"University of Bucharest","ror":"https://ror.org/02x2v6p15","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141595442"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioan-Iovitz Popescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bucharest University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bucharest University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141595442"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018444342","display_name":"Gabriel Altmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148175","display_name":"Kunststoff-Institut L\u00fcdenscheid","ror":"https://ror.org/04c2c2109","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148175"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Altmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["L\u00fcdenscheid"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L\u00fcdenscheid","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018444342"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148175"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92392774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"370","last_page":"378"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9271000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9038000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typology","display_name":"Typology","score":0.8797272443771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.6478308439254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.5946944952011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5732195377349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5375364422798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48724761605262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47523263096809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compound","display_name":"Compound","score":0.43740054965019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33155035972595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.29303649067878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.18438726663589478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07312503457069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.04333263635635376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.8797272443771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6478308439254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5946944952011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5732195377349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5375364422798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48724761605262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47523263096809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2674912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245423","display_name":"Compound","level":2,"score":0.43740054965019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33155035972595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.29303649067878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.18438726663589478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07312503457069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.04333263635635376}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09296170802326699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09296170802326699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24321443","display_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","issn_l":"0929-6174","issn":["0929-6174","1744-5035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Quantitative Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W265136226","https://openalex.org/W389592494","https://openalex.org/W2023434095","https://openalex.org/W2074999873","https://openalex.org/W2404142244","https://openalex.org/W4239530297"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2241143171","https://openalex.org/W3212604275","https://openalex.org/W2068356829","https://openalex.org/W2296205523","https://openalex.org/W2376862957","https://openalex.org/W2508696262","https://openalex.org/W3162545634","https://openalex.org/W2357247495","https://openalex.org/W3086187336","https://openalex.org/W2020458412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Counting":[1],"word":[2,30],"forms":[3,31],"one":[4],"obtains":[5],"more":[6],"hapax":[7],"legomena":[8],"in":[9,14,32],"highly":[10,15],"synthetic":[11],"languages":[12],"than":[13],"analytic":[16],"ones.":[17],"We":[18],"propose":[19],"an":[20],"index":[21],"of":[22,29],"analytism":[23],"based":[24],"exclusively":[25],"on":[26],"mechanical":[27],"counting":[28],"text.":[33]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}