{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971322549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08993400500150788","title":"PBL and Computer Programming \u2014 The Seven Steps Method with Adaptations","display_name":"PBL and Computer Programming \u2014 The Seven Steps Method with Adaptations","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971322549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08993400500150788","mag":"1971322549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08993400500150788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08993400500150788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97147119","display_name":"Computer Science Education","issn_l":"0899-3408","issn":["0899-3408","1744-5175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001691319","display_name":"Esko Nuutila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161658","display_name":"Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University","ror":"https://ror.org/0548hz093","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161658"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Esko Nuutila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Correspondenceenu@cs.hut.fi","Helsinki University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Correspondenceenu@cs.hut.fi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki University of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034090576","display_name":"Seppo T\u00f6rm\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-6832"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seppo T\u00f6rm\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027596822","display_name":"Lauri Malmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1064-796X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauri Malmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helsinki University of Technology, Finland","Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Inform-ation Processing Science, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki University of Technology, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Inform-ation Processing Science, P.O. Box 5400, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001691319"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161658"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":94,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95205702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13280","display_name":"Biomedical and Engineering Education","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8110324740409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/externalization","display_name":"Externalization","score":0.6278400421142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-based-learning","display_name":"Problem-based learning","score":0.5687552690505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4777609407901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07858628034591675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8110324740409851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779379281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61895854","display_name":"Externalization","level":2,"score":0.6278400421142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060990","display_name":"Problem-based learning","level":2,"score":0.5687552690505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4777609407901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07858628034591675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08993400500150788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08993400500150788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97147119","display_name":"Computer Science Education","issn_l":"0899-3408","issn":["0899-3408","1744-5175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.469.6559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.469.6559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.hut.fi/~janne/studio1/PBL_artikkeli.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966268596","https://openalex.org/W2010365323","https://openalex.org/W2021647749","https://openalex.org/W2059092845","https://openalex.org/W2075517222","https://openalex.org/W2078045516","https://openalex.org/W2080844380","https://openalex.org/W2103764695","https://openalex.org/W2127757021","https://openalex.org/W2769416443","https://openalex.org/W3021604695","https://openalex.org/W4233043065","https://openalex.org/W4250461442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2358645716","https://openalex.org/W4253717414","https://openalex.org/W2394430263","https://openalex.org/W2938855797","https://openalex.org/W1980254995","https://openalex.org/W2384790983","https://openalex.org/W2363746065","https://openalex.org/W1967201264","https://openalex.org/W2367446752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Problem-Based":[0],"Learning":[1],"(PBL)":[2],"method":[3,41,57,73,89],"emphasizes":[4],"students'":[5],"own":[6,15],"activity":[7],"in":[8,44,47,80,98,110],"learning":[9,16,78],"about":[10],"problems,":[11],"setting":[12],"up":[13],"their":[14,137],"goals":[17],"and":[18,22,30,62,69,134],"actively":[19],"searching":[20],"for":[21],"analyzing":[23],"information.":[24],"In":[25,115],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"we":[28],"describe":[29,70],"discuss":[31],"our":[32,81,85,111],"experiences":[33],"on":[34],"applying":[35],"PBL,":[36],"especially":[37],"the":[38,56,72,87,91,94,104],"seven":[39],"steps":[40],"widely":[42],"used":[43],"medical":[45],"faculties,":[46],"an":[48],"introductory":[49],"computer":[50,118],"programming":[51,113],"course.":[52,82],"We":[53],"explain":[54],"how":[55,71],"is":[58,74,106],"implemented,":[59],"give":[60],"examples":[61],"identify":[63],"different":[64],"kinds":[65],"of":[66,93,136],"PBL":[67,88],"cases,":[68],"supplemented":[75],"by":[76],"other":[77],"methods":[79],"According":[83],"to":[84,117,126],"experience,":[86],"increases":[90],"commitment":[92],"students":[95,120],"which":[96],"results":[97],"a":[99],"significantly":[100],"lower":[101],"drop-out":[102],"rate:":[103],"average":[105],"17%":[107],"versus":[108],"45%":[109],"traditional":[112],"courses.":[114],"addition":[116],"programming,":[119],"also":[121],"learn":[122],"generic":[123],"skills":[124],"related":[125],"group":[127],"work,":[128,131],"collaborative":[129],"design":[130],"independent":[132],"studying,":[133],"externalization":[135],"knowledge.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
