{"id":"https://openalex.org/W80844833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","title":"Raising a Red Flag on Global WWW Privacy Policies","display_name":"Raising a Red Flag on Global WWW Privacy Policies","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W80844833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","mag":"80844833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83133229","display_name":"Journal of Computer Information Systems","issn_l":"0887-4417","issn":["0887-4417","2380-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353258","display_name":"Chang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5140-0552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102502594","display_name":"Northern Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/012wxa772","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001759238","display_name":"Kirk P. Arnett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirk P. Arnett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100353258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97193117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"1","first_page":"117","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raising","display_name":"Raising (metalworking)","score":0.8120338916778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flag","display_name":"Flag (linear algebra)","score":0.8075816035270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6726946234703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personally-identifiable-information","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","score":0.5579676032066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4963303208351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-policy","display_name":"Privacy policy","score":0.47988736629486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.40457475185394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3706364035606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3436845541000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33650052547454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08909192681312561}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7285140","display_name":"Raising (metalworking)","level":2,"score":0.8120338916778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776730729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392130","display_name":"Flag (linear algebra)","level":3,"score":0.8075816035270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6726946234703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169093310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3702971","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","level":2,"score":0.5579676032066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4963303208351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.47988736629486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.40457475185394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3706364035606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3436845541000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33650052547454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08909192681312561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2002.11647076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83133229","display_name":"Journal of Computer Information Systems","issn_l":"0887-4417","issn":["0887-4417","2380-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506453504","https://openalex.org/W1526985081","https://openalex.org/W1538573233","https://openalex.org/W1547183878","https://openalex.org/W1701997457","https://openalex.org/W2059311829","https://openalex.org/W2065189722","https://openalex.org/W2092768173","https://openalex.org/W2126386868","https://openalex.org/W2126690184","https://openalex.org/W2616332126","https://openalex.org/W4299933727","https://openalex.org/W6619129309","https://openalex.org/W6673263258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025792237","https://openalex.org/W2027335090","https://openalex.org/W2098937825","https://openalex.org/W1996189363","https://openalex.org/W3124980950","https://openalex.org/W2295836226","https://openalex.org/W1997149610","https://openalex.org/W4245303888","https://openalex.org/W3010786834","https://openalex.org/W2596678640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"e-commerce":[1],"has":[2],"become":[3],"a":[4,9],"reality":[5],"for":[6,26],"many":[7],"as":[8],"result":[10],"of":[11,15,28],"the":[12,16,30],"worldwide":[13],"reach":[14],"web.":[17],"Although":[18],"personal":[19],"information":[20],"privacy":[21],"concerns":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24],"around":[25],"hundreds":[27],"years,":[29],"introductio...":[31]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}