{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111173766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839518708927978","title":"COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: Part II\u2014Big Talk among Small Systems","display_name":"COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: Part II\u2014Big Talk among Small Systems","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111173766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839518708927978","mag":"2111173766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839518708927978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839518708927978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020274709","display_name":"Cristina Sernadas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-3512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/04ea70f07","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"CRISTINA SERNADAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["\n                   \n               Departamento de Matematica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, Lisboa Codex, 1096, Portugal","Univ. Te\u00b4cnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\n                   \n               Departamento de Matematica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, Lisboa Codex, 1096, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Te\u00b4cnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041387396","display_name":"H\u00e9lder Coelho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-8624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131734","display_name":"National Laboratory for Civil Engineering","ror":null,"country_code":"PT","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131734"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HELDER COELHO","raw_affiliation_strings":["\n                   \n               Centro de Informatics, LNEC, Lisboa Codex, 1799, Portugal","Centro do Informa\u00b4tica, Lisboa Codex, Portugal#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\n                   \n               Centro de Informatics, LNEC, Lisboa Codex, 1799, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131734"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro do Informa\u00b4tica, Lisboa Codex, Portugal#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114376375","display_name":"Gra\u00e7a Gaspar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3106-0423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GRA\u00c7A GASPAR","raw_affiliation_strings":["\n                   \n               DICC, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1300, Portugal","Faculdade di Cie\u02c6ncias de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\n                   \n               DICC, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1300, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade di Cie\u02c6ncias de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020274709"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I203847022"],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76880607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"315","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8058089017868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metatheory","display_name":"Metatheory","score":0.6808516383171082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-of-knowledge","display_name":"Body of knowledge","score":0.6095035076141357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.5844675898551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5753249526023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5457231402397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.532076358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5274282693862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-knowledge","display_name":"Procedural knowledge","score":0.5218257308006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-based-systems","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","score":0.5133303999900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.45299458503723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-knowledge","display_name":"Distributed knowledge","score":0.41644179821014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3490329384803772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8058089017868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39387531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096708","display_name":"Metatheory","level":2,"score":0.6808516383171082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186528591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619544","display_name":"Body of knowledge","level":2,"score":0.6095035076141357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5844675898551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5753249526023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5457231402397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.532076358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5274282693862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124469403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813993","display_name":"Procedural knowledge","level":3,"score":0.5218257308006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.5133303999900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.45299458503723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779086853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283157","display_name":"Distributed knowledge","level":2,"score":0.41644179821014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3490329384803772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839518708927978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839518708927978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570056274","https://openalex.org/W1826182661","https://openalex.org/W1965622519","https://openalex.org/W1968431527","https://openalex.org/W1973360903","https://openalex.org/W2021100126","https://openalex.org/W2023515166","https://openalex.org/W2028628502","https://openalex.org/W2028817969","https://openalex.org/W2043671329","https://openalex.org/W2051768896","https://openalex.org/W2057496341","https://openalex.org/W2068394020","https://openalex.org/W2085568149","https://openalex.org/W2105435765","https://openalex.org/W2127851689","https://openalex.org/W2129054003","https://openalex.org/W2135457341","https://openalex.org/W2139665923","https://openalex.org/W2151408086","https://openalex.org/W2157598146","https://openalex.org/W2164198791","https://openalex.org/W2166464896","https://openalex.org/W2169856608","https://openalex.org/W2974702374","https://openalex.org/W3144368627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1683212044","https://openalex.org/W17068099","https://openalex.org/W2323201476","https://openalex.org/W1979978247","https://openalex.org/W2062411341","https://openalex.org/W1009943246","https://openalex.org/W2283391248","https://openalex.org/W2012720743","https://openalex.org/W2145230620","https://openalex.org/W1606697963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"new":[2],"model":[3],"is":[4,20,65],"introduced":[5],"for":[6,111],"describing":[7],"societies":[8],"of":[9,38,99,114,125,174,193],"communicating":[10],"knowledge":[11,34,56,82,87,98,116],"systems":[12],"from":[13],"an":[14],"artificial":[15],"intelligence":[16],"perspective.":[17],"The":[18,32,54,74,92],"society":[19,60,167,176],"defined":[21,178],"as":[22,169,179],"a":[23,66,70,170,191],"time-evolving":[24],"concept":[25],"con-taining":[26],"both":[27],"static":[28,33],"and":[29,49,86,103,146,196],"dynamic":[30,55],"knowledge.":[31,122,145],"includes":[35],"the":[36,39,42,45,50,59,77,89,97,100,108,166,175,185,194,200],"components":[37],"society,":[40],"namely":[41],"actor":[43,78,102],"types,":[44,48],"communication":[46,93],"issue":[47],"behavior":[51,168],"pattern":[52,157],"types.":[53],"specifies":[57,184],"how":[58],"can":[61],"evolve.":[62],"Each":[63],"component":[64],"metatheory":[67],"described":[68],"using":[69],"specific":[71],"representation":[72],"system.":[73],"metatheories":[75],"representing":[76],"types":[79],"include":[80],"self-knowledge,":[81],"about":[83,88],"other":[84],"actors,":[85],"real":[90],"world.":[91],"issues":[94],"always":[95],"reflect":[96],"sending":[101],"produce":[104],"some":[105],"effect":[106],"on":[107],"receiving":[109],"actor,":[110],"instance,":[112],"enrichments":[113],"its":[115,120],"or":[117,140],"conflicts":[118,129,141],"with":[119,136],"own":[121],"Conflicts":[123],"are":[124,159,177],"two":[126],"forms:":[127],"routine":[128],"to":[130,187,202],"be":[131,149,188,203],"solved":[132,150],"by":[133,151],"mediating":[134],"actors":[135,153],"no":[137],"intelligent":[138,144],"knowledge,":[139],"that":[142,147,161],"require":[143],"must":[148],"special":[152],"called":[154],"managers.":[155],"Behavior":[156],"rules":[158,164],"theories":[160,181],"express":[162],"cause-effect":[163],"regarding":[165],"whole.":[171],"Technically,":[172],"modifications":[173,201],"parameterized":[180],"whose":[182,197],"argument":[183],"requirements":[186],"satisfied":[189],"before":[190],"change":[192],"situation":[195],"body":[198],"introduces":[199],"performed.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}