{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3177083627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","title":"Comparative Investigation of Learning Algorithms for Image Classification with Small Dataset","display_name":"Comparative Investigation of Learning Algorithms for Image Classification with Small Dataset","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3177083627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","mag":"3177083627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082806106","display_name":"Imran Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-6674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Imran Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computational Sciences, School of Mathematical Sciences and LMAM, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-6674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computational Sciences, School of Mathematical Sciences and LMAM, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073481921","display_name":"Gbenga Abiodun Odesanmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gbenga Abiodun Odesanmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Group, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Group, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101988752","display_name":"Jianxiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0977-833X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418783","display_name":"Li Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2011-2873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence for Intelligent Robotics, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence for Intelligent Robotics, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082806106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94565293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"10","first_page":"697","last_page":"716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.9087280035018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8540147542953491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6773104071617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6439266800880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.558661162853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5459389686584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.49997854232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39131850004196167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.9087280035018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8540147542953491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6773104071617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6439266800880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.558661162853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5459389686584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49997854232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39131850004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2021.1922841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c728fab187241c0b520d43808cd9c3c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c728fab187241c0b520d43808cd9c3c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence, Vol 35, Iss 10, Pp 697-716 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6908809","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1806891645","https://openalex.org/W1980287119","https://openalex.org/W1994616650","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2028276885","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2117130368","https://openalex.org/W2146502635","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2559997609","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2936995161","https://openalex.org/W3027765088","https://openalex.org/W3027979861","https://openalex.org/W3114688163","https://openalex.org/W3154811403","https://openalex.org/W3198350258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140186469","https://openalex.org/W4390421286","https://openalex.org/W2602382373","https://openalex.org/W3003615511","https://openalex.org/W3198113463","https://openalex.org/W4285827128","https://openalex.org/W2787698406","https://openalex.org/W2963844355","https://openalex.org/W4361251046","https://openalex.org/W98577079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increase":[0],"in":[1,6,14],"popularity":[2],"of":[3,21,71,83,115],"deep":[4],"learning":[5,30,63,89,97,117],"various":[7],"research":[8,23],"areas":[9],"leads":[10],"to":[11,25,28,53,65,68,85,112],"use":[12],"it":[13],"resolving":[15],"image":[16,36],"classification":[17,37],"problems.":[18],"The":[19],"objective":[20],"this":[22],"is":[24],"compare":[26],"and":[27,51],"find":[29,86],"algorithms":[31,64],"which":[32],"perform":[33],"better":[34,100],"for":[35],"task":[38],"with":[39,49,79],"small":[40],"dataset.":[41],"We":[42],"have":[43],"also":[44],"tuned":[45],"the":[46,87,95,113,116],"hyperparameters":[47,84],"associated":[48],"optimizers":[50],"models":[52],"improve":[54],"performance.":[55],"First,":[56],"we":[57,74],"performed":[58],"several":[59],"experiments":[60,78],"using":[61],"eight":[62],"come":[66],"closer":[67],"optimal":[69],"values":[70,82],"hyperparameters.":[72],"Then,":[73],"executed":[75],"twenty-four":[76],"final":[77],"near":[80],"optimum":[81],"best":[88],"algorithm.":[90],"Experimental":[91],"results":[92],"showed":[93],"that":[94],"AdaGrad":[96],"algorithm":[98],"achieves":[99],"accuracy,":[101],"lesser":[102],"training":[103],"time,":[104],"as":[105,107],"well":[106],"fewer":[108],"memory":[109],"utilization":[110],"compared":[111],"rest":[114],"algorithms.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
