{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1545622404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","title":"Toward an Assessment of Software Development Risk","display_name":"Toward an Assessment of Software Development Risk","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1545622404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","mag":"1545622404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9954729","display_name":"Journal of Management Information Systems","issn_l":"0742-1222","issn":["0742-1222","1557-928X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081908723","display_name":"Henri Barki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-1872"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henri Barki","raw_affiliation_strings":["View further author information"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"View further author information","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082199953","display_name":"Suzanne Rivard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-5513"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne Rivard","raw_affiliation_strings":["View further author information"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"View further author information","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034294981","display_name":"Jean\u2010No\u00ebl Talbot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-5013"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Talbot","raw_affiliation_strings":["View further author information"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"View further author information","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.9302,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":724,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99058499,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"203","last_page":"225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6397204399108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-project-management","display_name":"Software project management","score":0.6392831206321716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.603388786315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5182930827140808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.487502783536911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.46960505843162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46214520931243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management","display_name":"Project management","score":0.43570876121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43283769488334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-risk-management","display_name":"Project risk management","score":0.415878027677536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-peer-review","display_name":"Software peer review","score":0.4126949608325958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34520724415779114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.2928069829940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.2550576329231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18618568778038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management-triangle","display_name":"Project management triangle","score":0.18236291408538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.12635502219200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07373455166816711}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6397204399108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40919944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947779","display_name":"Software project management","level":5,"score":0.6392831206321716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.603388786315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5182930827140808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.487502783536911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.46960505843162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46214520931243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.43570876121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43283769488334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37752577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642369","display_name":"Project risk management","level":4,"score":0.415878027677536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74579156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554342","display_name":"Software peer review","level":5,"score":0.4126949608325958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34520724415779114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.2928069829940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2550576329231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18618568778038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168074093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2394609","display_name":"Project management triangle","level":3,"score":0.18236291408538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.12635502219200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07373455166816711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11518006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9954729","display_name":"Journal of Management Information Systems","issn_l":"0742-1222","issn":["0742-1222","1557-928X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110993677","https://openalex.org/W211099204","https://openalex.org/W851854044","https://openalex.org/W1517560247","https://openalex.org/W1526525204","https://openalex.org/W1558416165","https://openalex.org/W1603160067","https://openalex.org/W1606488878","https://openalex.org/W1971341376","https://openalex.org/W1976624377","https://openalex.org/W1978697024","https://openalex.org/W1981782231","https://openalex.org/W2005459481","https://openalex.org/W2017716155","https://openalex.org/W2038834600","https://openalex.org/W2048416997","https://openalex.org/W2062263519","https://openalex.org/W2066900729","https://openalex.org/W2078266059","https://openalex.org/W2095730994","https://openalex.org/W2107401338","https://openalex.org/W2124532504","https://openalex.org/W2135905197","https://openalex.org/W2147704565","https://openalex.org/W2152770183","https://openalex.org/W2321628292","https://openalex.org/W2493097425","https://openalex.org/W2784337630","https://openalex.org/W2970657937","https://openalex.org/W4255847206","https://openalex.org/W4297081765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131384188","https://openalex.org/W2371708604","https://openalex.org/W3095190613","https://openalex.org/W2160218992","https://openalex.org/W2381599705","https://openalex.org/W2795861936","https://openalex.org/W2160677296","https://openalex.org/W2339056502","https://openalex.org/W2188975815","https://openalex.org/W2188104506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{":Despite":[0],"the":[1,38,53,61,64,67,98,103],"introduction":[2],"and":[3,13,22,25,78,100],"use":[4],"of":[5,9,56,63,81,91,102],"a":[6,42,76,79,89],"wide":[7],"variety":[8],"system":[10],"development":[11,58,83],"methods":[12],"tools,":[14],"software":[15,43,57,82],"projects":[16,93],"are":[17],"still":[18],"plagued":[19],"by":[20],"time":[21],"cost":[23],"overruns,":[24],"unmet":[26],"user":[27],"requirements.":[28],"To":[29],"avoid":[30],"these":[31],"problems,":[32],"it":[33],"is":[34,50,60,94],"frequently":[35],"recommended":[36],"that":[37,49],"risk:":[39],"associated":[40],"with":[41],"project":[44],"be":[45],"managed.":[46],"A":[47],"task":[48],"critical":[51],"to":[52,96],"proper":[54],"management":[55],"risk":[59],"assessment":[62],"risks":[65],"facing":[66],"project.":[68],"Based":[69],"on":[70],"previous":[71],"research,":[72],"this":[73],"paper":[74],"proposes":[75],"definition":[77],"measure":[80],"risk.":[84],"Subsequently,":[85],"data":[86],"collected":[87],"in":[88],"survey":[90],"120":[92],"used":[95],"assess":[97],"reliability":[99],"validity":[101],"instrument.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":34}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}