{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321351359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049","title":"GRAPGT: GRAdual patterns with gradualness threshold","display_name":"GRAPGT: GRAdual patterns with gradualness threshold","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321351359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145553572","display_name":"International Journal of General Systems","issn_l":"0308-1079","issn":["0308-1079","1026-7492","1563-5104"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of General Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077673531","display_name":"Micha\u00ebl Chirmeni Boujike","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153851","display_name":"Unit\u00e9 de Mod\u00e9lisation Math\u00e9matique et Informatique des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes","ror":"https://ror.org/053kxkj53","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210153851","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["CM","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Chirmeni Boujike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon","IRD, UMMISCO, Sorbonne University, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRD, UMMISCO, Sorbonne University, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210153851","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013110435","display_name":"Jerry Lonlac","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-9969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerry Lonlac","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com, Centre for Digital Systems, Lille, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com, Centre for Digital Systems, Lille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065300486","display_name":"Norbert Tsopz\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3017-1495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153851","display_name":"Unit\u00e9 de Mod\u00e9lisation Math\u00e9matique et Informatique des Syst\u00e8mes Complexes","ror":"https://ror.org/053kxkj53","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210153851","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["CM","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Tsopze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon","IRD, UMMISCO, Sorbonne University, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRD, UMMISCO, Sorbonne University, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210153851","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057686129","display_name":"Engelbert Mephu Nguifo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-678X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019848993","display_name":"Mines Saint-\u00c9tienne","ror":"https://ror.org/05a1dws80","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I3019848993"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099416","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Mod\u00e9lisation et d'Optimisation des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3fpp34","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I198244214","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I3019848993","https://openalex.org/I4210099416","https://openalex.org/I4210123221","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103002","display_name":"University of Clermont Auvergne","ror":null,"country_code":"FR","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103002"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Engelbert Mephu Nguifo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, ENSMSE, LIMOS, Clermont-Ferrand, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, ENSMSE, LIMOS, Clermont-Ferrand, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I3019848993","https://openalex.org/I4210099416","https://openalex.org/I4210103002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073243919","display_name":"Laure Pauline Fotso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laure Pauline Fotso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaounde, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077673531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210153851","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89676046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"5","first_page":"525","last_page":"545"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.6423242092132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6260806322097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5338424444198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5316116809844971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46141207218170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.18822693824768066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6423242092132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6260806322097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5338424444198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5316116809844971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46141207218170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.18822693824768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145553572","display_name":"International Journal of General Systems","issn_l":"0308-1079","issn":["0308-1079","1026-7492","1563-5104"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of General Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04062737v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04062737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of General Systems, 2023, pp.1-21. ⟨10.1080/03081079.2022.2162049⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501951799","https://openalex.org/W1525813043","https://openalex.org/W1577893785","https://openalex.org/W1585646276","https://openalex.org/W1772462270","https://openalex.org/W1790033065","https://openalex.org/W1845601347","https://openalex.org/W1878826340","https://openalex.org/W1977881241","https://openalex.org/W1996361647","https://openalex.org/W2006706588","https://openalex.org/W2009380894","https://openalex.org/W2019726902","https://openalex.org/W2026652666","https://openalex.org/W2051075472","https://openalex.org/W2060907774","https://openalex.org/W2077170678","https://openalex.org/W2102652939","https://openalex.org/W2110598277","https://openalex.org/W2135501424","https://openalex.org/W2158721538","https://openalex.org/W2291058288","https://openalex.org/W2778282559","https://openalex.org/W2896362536","https://openalex.org/W2953768794","https://openalex.org/W2956015923","https://openalex.org/W3091288722","https://openalex.org/W3147042192","https://openalex.org/W4236629293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2386430105","https://openalex.org/W2356521405","https://openalex.org/W2038534795","https://openalex.org/W2384358604","https://openalex.org/W1567829292","https://openalex.org/W3001063351","https://openalex.org/W3196905815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,170,183],"traditional":[1,106],"algorithms":[2,107,201],"that":[3,94,219,231],"extract":[4,190],"the":[5,10,14,23,35,40,62,65,78,83,90,112,119,128,138,154,157,163,167,178,220,246],"gradual":[6,191,198],"patterns":[7,28,103,192,199,230,244],"often":[8],"face":[9],"problem":[11],"of":[12,16,25,42,64,80,85,95,102,180,243],"managing":[13],"quantity":[15],"mined":[17],"patterns,":[18],"and":[19,226],"in":[20,127],"many":[21],"applications,":[22],"calculation":[24],"all":[26],"these":[27],"can":[29,108,227],"prove":[30],"to":[31,111,118,143,153,176,189,204,238,245],"be":[32,109,123,174],"intractable":[33],"for":[34],"user-defined":[36],"frequency":[37],"threshold.":[38,169,182],"Moreover,":[39,209],"concept":[41],"gradualness":[43,56,116,139,168,181,236],"is":[44,57,87,223],"defined":[45],"just":[46],"as":[47,59,61,89,93],"an":[48,145,212],"increase":[49,146],"or":[50,147],"a":[51,55,98,125,148,240],"decrease":[52,149],"variation.":[53,81,150],"Indeed,":[54],"considered":[58,88],"soon":[60],"values":[63],"attribute":[66],"on":[67,166,193,215],"both":[68],"objects":[69],"are":[70],"different.":[71],"This":[72],"does":[73],"not":[74,233],"take":[75],"into":[76,161],"account":[77,162],"level":[79],"Then,":[82],"variation":[84],"10\u22126":[86],"same":[91],"way":[92],"106.":[96],"As":[97],"result,":[99],"numerous":[100,229],"quantities":[101],"extracted":[104],"by":[105],"presented":[110],"user,":[113],"although":[114],"their":[115],"(due":[117],"small":[120,241],"variation)":[121],"could":[122,173],"only":[124],"noise":[126],"data.":[129],"To":[130],"address":[131],"this":[132,134],"issue,":[133],"paper":[135],"suggests":[136],"introducing":[137],"threshold":[140],"from":[141,211],"which":[142],"consider":[144],"In":[151],"contrast":[152],"literature":[155],"approaches,":[156],"proposed":[158,184,221],"approach":[159],"takes":[160],"user's":[164],"preferences":[165],"user":[171],"knowledge":[172],"used":[175],"fix":[177],"value":[179],"algorithm":[185,222],"makes":[186],"it":[187],"possible":[188],"certain":[194],"databases":[195,217],"where":[196],"state-of-the-art":[197],"mining":[200],"fail":[202],"due":[203],"too":[205],"large":[206],"search":[207],"space.":[208],"results":[210],"experimental":[213],"evaluation":[214],"real":[216],"show":[218,239],"scalable,":[224],"efficient,":[225],"eliminate":[228],"do":[232],"verify":[234],"specific":[235],"requirements":[237],"set":[242],"user.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2023-02-20T00:00:00"}