{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3181887863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","title":"Least squares estimation for the high-order uncertain moving average model with application to carbon dioxide emissions","display_name":"Least squares estimation for the high-order uncertain moving average model with application to carbon dioxide emissions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3181887863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","mag":"3181887863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145553572","display_name":"International Journal of General Systems","issn_l":"0308-1079","issn":["0308-1079","1026-7492","1563-5104"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of General Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109949766","display_name":"Yue Xin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023866159","display_name":"Xiangfeng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-9566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146563203","display_name":"University of International Business and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/05khqpb71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146563203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangfeng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology and Management, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-9566","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology and Management, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146563203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008929688","display_name":"Jinwu Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4806-927X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinwu Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008929688"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4013,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96948675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"6","first_page":"724","last_page":"740"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12135","display_name":"Fuzzy Systems and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12135","display_name":"Fuzzy Systems and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9675999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9343000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disturbance","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","score":0.6523236036300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.631183922290802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.552161455154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5498627424240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.48867133259773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive\u2013moving-average-model","display_name":"Autoregressive\u2013moving-average model","score":0.4617730379104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.45882439613342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4497621953487396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.426194965839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.4192591905593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3998837471008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.36183983087539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3513953983783722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.340849369764328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.17831069231033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10194635391235352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6523236036300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.631183922290802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.552161455154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5498627424240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.48867133259773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74883015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290467","display_name":"Autoregressive\u2013moving-average model","level":3,"score":0.4617730379104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.45882439613342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4497621953487396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.426194965839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.4192591905593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3998837471008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.36183983087539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3513953983783722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.340849369764328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.17831069231033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10194635391235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2021.1950150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145553572","display_name":"International Journal of General Systems","issn_l":"0308-1079","issn":["0308-1079","1026-7492","1563-5104"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of General Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1882207716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18YQ06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312338","funder_display_name":"University of International Business and Economics"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312338","display_name":"University of International Business and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/05khqpb71"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544274373","https://openalex.org/W1606326889","https://openalex.org/W1970598138","https://openalex.org/W2074942959","https://openalex.org/W2109510349","https://openalex.org/W2135691157","https://openalex.org/W2136967090","https://openalex.org/W2338509365","https://openalex.org/W2588587052","https://openalex.org/W2746463490","https://openalex.org/W2765076328","https://openalex.org/W2810511349","https://openalex.org/W2852697398","https://openalex.org/W2899474162","https://openalex.org/W2902251417","https://openalex.org/W2915799556","https://openalex.org/W2971663049","https://openalex.org/W2972325118","https://openalex.org/W2997482441","https://openalex.org/W2999382709","https://openalex.org/W3001226505","https://openalex.org/W3015345874","https://openalex.org/W3016256529","https://openalex.org/W3022412706","https://openalex.org/W3023523917","https://openalex.org/W3035058975","https://openalex.org/W3047173479","https://openalex.org/W3083173466","https://openalex.org/W3087373714","https://openalex.org/W3088144072","https://openalex.org/W3097429946","https://openalex.org/W3118832633","https://openalex.org/W4206830167","https://openalex.org/W4234521054","https://openalex.org/W4251846825","https://openalex.org/W4292483811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038604956","https://openalex.org/W2296560746","https://openalex.org/W2338222801","https://openalex.org/W2347583731","https://openalex.org/W2106602008","https://openalex.org/W2067832159","https://openalex.org/W2153353177","https://openalex.org/W3156121563","https://openalex.org/W199725827","https://openalex.org/W4248896451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Uncertain":[0],"time":[1],"series":[2],"analysis":[3],"aims":[4],"to":[5,73,111,137],"explore":[6],"how":[7],"the":[8,14,26,29,40,53,56,81,95,101,113,119,123,129,139],"current":[9,30,57],"observation":[10,31,58],"is":[11,32,59,109],"affected":[12,33,60],"by":[13,34,61],"disturbance":[15,38,64,116],"terms":[16],"and":[17,122],"past":[18,37,63],"imprecise":[19],"observations":[20],"characterized":[21],"as":[22],"uncertain":[23,42,87],"variables.":[24],"For":[25],"case":[27],"that":[28,55],"a":[35,69,91,106],"single":[36],"term,":[39],"1-order":[41],"moving":[43],"average":[44],"(UMA)":[45],"model":[46,72,84,89],"has":[47],"been":[48],"tentatively":[49],"explored.":[50],"While":[51],"for":[52],"situation":[54],"multiple":[62],"terms,":[65],"this":[66,77,142],"paper":[67],"initiates":[68],"high-order":[70,82],"UMA":[71,83],"more":[74],"accurately":[75],"describe":[76,112],"relationship.":[78],"By":[79],"transforming":[80],"into":[85],"an":[86],"autoregressive":[88],"via":[90],"backward":[92],"shift":[93],"operator,":[94],"unknown":[96],"parameters":[97],"are":[98,126,135],"calculated":[99],"through":[100],"least":[102],"squares":[103],"method.":[104,143],"Then,":[105],"tth":[107],"residual":[108],"defined":[110],"properties":[114],"of":[115,141],"terms.":[117],"Furthermore,":[118],"forecast":[120],"value":[121],"confidence":[124],"interval":[125],"derived":[127],"from":[128],"fitted":[130],"model.":[131],"Finally,":[132],"two":[133],"examples":[134],"presented":[136],"demonstrate":[138],"effectiveness":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}