{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965238403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799108927866","title":"Analyses of visibility sites on topographic surfaces","display_name":"Analyses of visibility sites on topographic surfaces","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965238403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799108927866","mag":"1965238403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02693799108927866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799108927866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of geographical information systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100686648","display_name":"Jay Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-4274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JAY LEE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, 44242-0001, U.S.A","Department of Geography , Kent State University , Kent, Ohio, 44242-0001, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, 44242-0001, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography , Kent State University , Kent, Ohio, 44242-0001, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100686648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.4732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":105,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99362174,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"413","last_page":"429"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.9461005926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.8451169729232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewshed-analysis","display_name":"Viewshed analysis","score":0.745174765586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5947995185852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5845940709114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.578680694103241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5064250230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4751172661781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.44122105836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.38558387756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3252909183502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31082332134246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.2946789860725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.27401793003082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.1449050009250641}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.9461005926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.8451169729232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24300010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928833","display_name":"Viewshed analysis","level":2,"score":0.745174765586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5947995185852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5845940709114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.578680694103241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5064250230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4751172661781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.44122105836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.38558387756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3252909183502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31082332134246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2946789860725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.27401793003082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1449050009250641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02693799108927866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799108927866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of geographical information systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975470983","https://openalex.org/W1991651582","https://openalex.org/W2033640499","https://openalex.org/W2083632529","https://openalex.org/W2801737447"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375147464","https://openalex.org/W2071830897","https://openalex.org/W2770983078","https://openalex.org/W1970181469","https://openalex.org/W4324296801","https://openalex.org/W3202931507","https://openalex.org/W3133572247","https://openalex.org/W3142356932","https://openalex.org/W1965238403","https://openalex.org/W2366888045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"the":[3,49,53,139],"analyses":[4],"of":[5,15,23,36,79,88,105,144],"visibility":[6,24,43,92,108,126,145],"sites":[7,25],"on":[8],"topographic":[9,119],"surfaces":[10],"as":[11,34],"a":[12],"new":[13],"area":[14],"application":[16,61],"in":[17,28,39,45,57,96,107],"geographical":[18,40],"information":[19,41,93],"systems.":[20],"The":[21,60],"analysis":[22,90],"are":[26,94,113,122,135],"important":[27],"several":[29],"related":[30],"research":[31],"fields":[32],"such":[33],"problems":[35,44,56,106,143],"surface":[37],"representation":[38],"systems,":[42],"computer":[46],"graphics":[47],"and":[48,52,83,102,132],"location":[50],"allocation":[51],"set":[54],"covering":[55],"operations":[58],"research.":[59],"areas":[62],"include":[63],"pilot":[64],"training":[65],"simulation,":[66],"navigation,":[67],"scenic":[68],"landscape":[69],"assessment,":[70],"terrain":[71],"exploration,":[72],"military":[73],"surveillance,":[74],"forest":[75],"fire":[76],"monitoring,":[77],"locations":[78],"radio":[80],"transmission":[81],"stations":[82],"many":[84],"others.":[85],"Five":[86],"types":[87],"site":[89],"using":[91],"discussed":[95],"this":[97],"paper,":[98],"including":[99],"both":[100],"fixed":[101],"variable":[103],"heights":[104],"sites.":[109,146],"Triangulated":[110],"irregular":[111],"networks":[112],"used":[114,136],"to":[115,137],"approximate":[116],"an":[117],"actual":[118],"surface.":[120],"Algorithms":[121],"developed":[123],"for":[124,141],"extracting":[125],"information.":[127],"Finally,":[128],"three":[129],"heuristic":[130],"algorithms":[131],"their":[133],"combinations":[134],"demonstrate":[138],"solutions":[140],"five":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
