{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088488981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693798808927910","title":"A GIS method to aid in non-point source critical area analysis","display_name":"A GIS method to aid in non-point source critical area analysis","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088488981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693798808927910","mag":"2088488981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02693798808927910","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693798808927910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of geographical information systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081453348","display_name":"\u00c5ke Sivertun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"AKE SIVERTUN","raw_affiliation_strings":["TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034258147","display_name":"Lorin E. Reinelt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LORIN E. REINELT","raw_affiliation_strings":["TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050443498","display_name":"Reinhold Castensson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"REINHOLD CASTENSSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TEMA , Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, S-581 83 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081453348"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8529,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94334344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"365","last_page":"378"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11311","display_name":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","score":0.9228000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.9158999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6737298369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-system","display_name":"Geographic information system","score":0.5814504623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonpoint-source-pollution","display_name":"Nonpoint source pollution","score":0.5564565062522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workstation","display_name":"Workstation","score":0.5552277565002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.49127620458602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4727398157119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4715045988559723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlay","display_name":"Overlay","score":0.4453059732913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.43921148777008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.42899128794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4148169159889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollution","display_name":"Pollution","score":0.3733091950416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3557412624359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.16050991415977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11288070678710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10984250903129578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6737298369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.5814504623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179006392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736556","display_name":"Nonpoint source pollution","level":3,"score":0.5564565062522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67953723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192525","display_name":"Workstation","level":2,"score":0.5552277565002441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.49127620458602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4727398157119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4715045988559723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136085584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910289","display_name":"Overlay","level":2,"score":0.4453059732913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.43921148777008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.42899128794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4148169159889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.3733091950416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3557412624359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.16050991415977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11288070678710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10984250903129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02693798808927910","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02693798808927910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of geographical information systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W233088749","https://openalex.org/W1707715928","https://openalex.org/W2101320768","https://openalex.org/W2148253313","https://openalex.org/W2413327876","https://openalex.org/W2465250049","https://openalex.org/W3102498655","https://openalex.org/W4206567661","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W595346907","https://openalex.org/W153296825","https://openalex.org/W598989511","https://openalex.org/W2375779923","https://openalex.org/W2041986468","https://openalex.org/W1967800214","https://openalex.org/W2055675609","https://openalex.org/W2045348955","https://openalex.org/W4388001050","https://openalex.org/W2352028719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,43],"use":[2,18],"of":[3,16,30,46,58,64,81,86,105,120],"remote":[4],"sensing":[5],"techniques,":[6],"image":[7],"processing,":[8],"computer":[9],"mapping":[10],"and":[11,19,23,37,40,49,52,54,133],"overlays":[12],"to":[13,20,77,100],"make":[14],"inventories":[15],"land":[17,22,134],"improve":[21],"water":[24,130],"management":[25],"has":[26],"increasing":[27,44],"potential.":[28],"Advantages":[29],"these":[31,65],"techniques":[32],"include":[33],"greater":[34,56],"geometric":[35],"resolution":[36],"potential":[38,119],"time":[39],"money":[41],"savings.":[42],"capabilities":[45],"personal":[47],"computers":[48],"workstations":[50],"(hardware":[51],"software)":[53],"the":[55,62,79,103,118],"availability":[57],"databases":[59],"have":[60],"simplified":[61],"application":[63],"techniques.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"application,":[69],"a":[70],"geographical":[71],"information":[72,95],"system":[73],"(GIS)":[74],"was":[75],"used":[76,99],"facilitate":[78],"identification":[80],"critical":[82,92,125],"non-point":[83,106],"source":[84,93,107,126],"areas":[85,127],"pollution":[87],"by":[88],"sediment-related":[89,129],"nutrients.":[90],"This":[91,115],"area":[94],"might":[96],"then":[97],"be":[98],"aid":[101],"in":[102,123],"development":[104],"control":[108],"strategies":[109],"or":[110],"for":[111,128],"monitoring":[112],"programme":[113],"design.":[114],"study":[116],"shows":[117],"using":[121],"GIS":[122],"selecting":[124],"quality":[131],"problems":[132],"resource":[135],"protection.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-22T08:09:32.410652","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}