{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225976929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","title":"Information technology as a catalyst to the effects of education on labor productivity","display_name":"Information technology as a catalyst to the effects of education on labor productivity","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225976929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002670986","display_name":"John Paul Flaminiano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-4071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120760893","display_name":"Asian Institute of Management","ror":"https://ror.org/03mt6tt39","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Paul C. Flaminiano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asian Institute of Management","RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asian Institute of Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077358468","display_name":"Jamil Paolo Francisco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120760893","display_name":"Asian Institute of Management","ror":"https://ror.org/03mt6tt39","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamil Paolo S. Francisco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asian Institute of Management","RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asian Institute of Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034622176","display_name":"Sunshine Alcantara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-3148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120760893","display_name":"Asian Institute of Management","ror":"https://ror.org/03mt6tt39","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunshine Therese S. Alcantara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asian Institute of Management","RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asian Institute of Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RSN Policy Center for Competitiveness, Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002670986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120760893"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8886,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86064615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"797","last_page":"815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13867","display_name":"Economic Growth and Development","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogeneity","display_name":"Endogeneity","score":0.8594117164611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.7653846740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"Human capital","score":0.7526454925537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-data","display_name":"Panel data","score":0.6480816602706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-ratio","display_name":"Dependency ratio","score":0.6435334086418152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-technology","display_name":"Information technology","score":0.6155332326889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.6008803844451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-economics","display_name":"Labour economics","score":0.4921416640281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4332408905029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4284636676311493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-economics","display_name":"Demographic economics","score":0.37289562821388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.36937373876571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.21596390008926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09075602889060974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C610760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340706","display_name":"Endogeneity","level":2,"score":0.8594117164611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.7653846740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.7526454925537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.6480816602706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22541086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4350180","display_name":"Dependency ratio","level":3,"score":0.6435334086418152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.6155332326889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6008803844451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4921416640281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4332408905029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4284636676311493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.37289562821388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.36937373876571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.21596390008926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09075602889060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:titdxx:v:28:y:2022:i:4:p:797-815","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/02681102.2021.2008851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61833553","https://openalex.org/W75199375","https://openalex.org/W133167407","https://openalex.org/W640258352","https://openalex.org/W970528536","https://openalex.org/W1519043202","https://openalex.org/W1531816284","https://openalex.org/W1555278349","https://openalex.org/W1569375436","https://openalex.org/W1577972414","https://openalex.org/W1582498033","https://openalex.org/W1937315645","https://openalex.org/W1964547542","https://openalex.org/W1977435644","https://openalex.org/W1978929552","https://openalex.org/W1993705868","https://openalex.org/W2009522606","https://openalex.org/W2009921490","https://openalex.org/W2017753324","https://openalex.org/W2022391768","https://openalex.org/W2025610165","https://openalex.org/W2035554302","https://openalex.org/W2038338292","https://openalex.org/W2040164008","https://openalex.org/W2041752445","https://openalex.org/W2062592463","https://openalex.org/W2063529493","https://openalex.org/W2074560781","https://openalex.org/W2075718699","https://openalex.org/W2076644303","https://openalex.org/W2079976804","https://openalex.org/W2088094613","https://openalex.org/W2102981809","https://openalex.org/W2124866803","https://openalex.org/W2126786169","https://openalex.org/W2133230560","https://openalex.org/W2142486057","https://openalex.org/W2146411203","https://openalex.org/W2148728397","https://openalex.org/W2148993235","https://openalex.org/W2149639062","https://openalex.org/W2151176003","https://openalex.org/W2161041152","https://openalex.org/W2163548980","https://openalex.org/W2165775312","https://openalex.org/W2166974667","https://openalex.org/W2271830171","https://openalex.org/W2293454949","https://openalex.org/W2345160265","https://openalex.org/W2468747762","https://openalex.org/W2478124464","https://openalex.org/W2509377482","https://openalex.org/W2567289819","https://openalex.org/W2585526661","https://openalex.org/W2622921730","https://openalex.org/W2765846558","https://openalex.org/W2791291274","https://openalex.org/W2874126881","https://openalex.org/W2896354296","https://openalex.org/W2899564791","https://openalex.org/W2914854543","https://openalex.org/W2922354709","https://openalex.org/W2952218646","https://openalex.org/W2988039629","https://openalex.org/W2990177142","https://openalex.org/W2991275325","https://openalex.org/W3024596104","https://openalex.org/W3120791381","https://openalex.org/W3121461967","https://openalex.org/W3122442329","https://openalex.org/W3123671701","https://openalex.org/W3126037482","https://openalex.org/W4206493177","https://openalex.org/W4236978513","https://openalex.org/W4245416951","https://openalex.org/W4299846046","https://openalex.org/W6635347114","https://openalex.org/W6789387068","https://openalex.org/W6998455394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3164230063","https://openalex.org/W4252805411","https://openalex.org/W3185282108","https://openalex.org/W2621152421","https://openalex.org/W2497268598","https://openalex.org/W2901985463","https://openalex.org/W815637295","https://openalex.org/W1699118981","https://openalex.org/W2348005010","https://openalex.org/W2107196962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"a":[1,8,101],"decline":[2],"in":[3],"the":[4,39,127,166],"dependency":[5],"ratio":[6],"provides":[7],"window":[9],"of":[10,41,71,79,130],"opportunity":[11],"for":[12,146],"many":[13],"young":[14],"economies,":[15],"relying":[16],"entirely":[17],"on":[18,58,133],"population":[19,86],"structure":[20],"changes":[21],"may":[22],"not":[23],"be":[24],"sufficient":[25],"to":[26,65,76,155],"increase":[27],"productivity":[28,73,163],"as":[29],"national":[30],"economies":[31],"become":[32],"increasingly":[33],"knowledge":[34],"based.":[35],"This":[36,120],"paper":[37],"explores":[38],"channels":[40],"interaction":[42,113],"between":[43,115,169],"human":[44,131,173],"capital,":[45],"information":[46,90,97,118,124,149,170],"technology,":[47],"and":[48,52,89,96,117,148,151,172],"productivity.":[49,106,135],"Using":[50],"fixed-effects":[51],"two-step":[53,152],"difference":[54,153],"GMM":[55,154],"panel":[56],"regressions":[57],"data":[59],"from":[60,63],"121":[61],"countries":[62],"1990":[64],"2017,":[66],"we":[67,109],"estimated":[68],"log":[69,77],"values":[70,78],"labor":[72,83,105,134,162],"with":[74,104],"respect":[75],"capital":[80,132],"per":[81],"worker,":[82],"force":[84],"size,":[85,87],"education,":[88],"technology.":[91,119],"We":[92],"found":[93,111],"that":[94,123],"education":[95,116,147],"technology":[98,125,150,171],"both":[99],"have":[100],"positive":[102,112,128],"relationship":[103,168],"In":[107],"addition,":[108],"also":[110],"effects":[114],"result":[121],"suggests":[122],"enhances":[126],"impact":[129],"Our":[136],"results":[137],"are":[138],"validated":[139],"by":[140],"robustness":[141],"checks":[142],"using":[143],"alternative":[144],"proxies":[145],"address":[156],"endogeneity.":[157],"Policies":[158],"geared":[159],"towards":[160],"improving":[161],"should":[164],"consider":[165],"complementary":[167],"capital.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T06:05:55.347736","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}