{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212810670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","title":"How are service automation and national ICT development associated with international trade in services?","display_name":"How are service automation and national ICT development associated with international trade in services?","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212810670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","mag":"3212810670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090430597","display_name":"Gwanhoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0970-9668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181401687","display_name":"American University","ror":"https://ror.org/052w4zt36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gwanhoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kogod School of Business, American University, Washington, DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kogod School of Business, American University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078263133","display_name":"Min\u2010Seok Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9010-6260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84392919","display_name":"Temple University","ror":"https://ror.org/00kx1jb78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Seok Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84392919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090430597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80942825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"837","last_page":"859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11257","display_name":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.6478980779647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5641413927078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5633683204650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.5217738747596741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.43015623092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.16845393180847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.12616783380508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09786659479141235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.6478980779647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5641413927078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5633683204650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5217738747596741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.43015623092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.16845393180847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12616783380508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09786659479141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:titdxx:v:28:y:2022:i:4:p:837-859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/02681102.2021.1997881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49878288","https://openalex.org/W579193340","https://openalex.org/W837289852","https://openalex.org/W1498806680","https://openalex.org/W1502337702","https://openalex.org/W1509707534","https://openalex.org/W1566310586","https://openalex.org/W1821977771","https://openalex.org/W1842809770","https://openalex.org/W1972436166","https://openalex.org/W1989368087","https://openalex.org/W1993890103","https://openalex.org/W2005497851","https://openalex.org/W2006722299","https://openalex.org/W2019459658","https://openalex.org/W2023102928","https://openalex.org/W2029421544","https://openalex.org/W2035934714","https://openalex.org/W2039883943","https://openalex.org/W2041705539","https://openalex.org/W2043246188","https://openalex.org/W2047613754","https://openalex.org/W2052720853","https://openalex.org/W2060087920","https://openalex.org/W2077987828","https://openalex.org/W2087861132","https://openalex.org/W2091732022","https://openalex.org/W2098654957","https://openalex.org/W2100938902","https://openalex.org/W2114142752","https://openalex.org/W2117293437","https://openalex.org/W2122119336","https://openalex.org/W2133740859","https://openalex.org/W2150873843","https://openalex.org/W2154555821","https://openalex.org/W2159865516","https://openalex.org/W2164304787","https://openalex.org/W2166832903","https://openalex.org/W2169071089","https://openalex.org/W2170934213","https://openalex.org/W2294058997","https://openalex.org/W2333181408","https://openalex.org/W2336082409","https://openalex.org/W2337439222","https://openalex.org/W2408773738","https://openalex.org/W2526781987","https://openalex.org/W2607534172","https://openalex.org/W2623233835","https://openalex.org/W2762840099","https://openalex.org/W2786141192","https://openalex.org/W2790548267","https://openalex.org/W2799971240","https://openalex.org/W2857183202","https://openalex.org/W3101209226","https://openalex.org/W3123575923","https://openalex.org/W3125213119","https://openalex.org/W3140384782","https://openalex.org/W3147615361","https://openalex.org/W4210872328","https://openalex.org/W4233929054","https://openalex.org/W4237574881","https://openalex.org/W4246523108","https://openalex.org/W4299846046","https://openalex.org/W4300471567","https://openalex.org/W4301171116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606944002","https://openalex.org/W1544399416","https://openalex.org/W1913032233","https://openalex.org/W2189086072","https://openalex.org/W2914720863","https://openalex.org/W2811178767","https://openalex.org/W2596684947","https://openalex.org/W1866411286","https://openalex.org/W3048514792","https://openalex.org/W2947681527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,54],"investigate":[4],"how":[5,19],"service":[6,102,119],"automation":[7],"is":[8,89,106,131,141],"associated":[9,30,91,108],"with":[10,31,92,109,136,146],"the":[11,20,37,42,49,61,93,110,117],"volume":[12,94,111],"of":[13,22,66,78,99,116,124],"international":[14,67,79,125],"trade":[15,68,80,126],"in":[16,69,74,81,127],"services":[17,72,84,130],"and":[18,25,48,95,112],"interactions":[21],"automation,":[23],"industry,":[24],"national":[26],"ICT":[27,45,87],"development":[28,88],"are":[29],"it.":[32],"We":[33,58],"use":[34],"data":[35],"from":[36],"U.N.":[38,43],"Comtrade,":[39],"O*NET":[40],"Online,":[41],"Global":[44],"Development":[46],"Index,":[47],"World":[50],"Bank":[51],"Open":[52],"Data":[53],"test":[55],"our":[56],"hypotheses.":[57],"find":[59],"that":[60],"marginal":[62],"year-by-year":[63],"growth":[64,97,114,122],"rates":[65],"highly":[70,128],"automatable":[71,83,129],"decreased":[73],"2007\u20132017,":[75],"whereas":[76],"those":[77],"less":[82],"have":[85],"increased.":[86],"positively":[90],"annual":[96,113],"rate":[98,115,123],"a":[100],"country's":[101,118],"exports,":[103],"but":[104,139],"it":[105,140],"negatively":[107],"imports.":[120],"The":[121],"lower":[132],"for":[133,143],"importing":[134],"countries":[135,145],"advanced":[137,147],"ICT,":[138],"higher":[142],"exporting":[144],"ICT.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T06:05:55.347736","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
