{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980367438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","title":"Health outcome and expenditure in low-income countries: does increasing diffusion of information and communication technology matter?","display_name":"Health outcome and expenditure in low-income countries: does increasing diffusion of information and communication technology matter?","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980367438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","mag":"2980367438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027465388","display_name":"Rezwanul Hasan Rana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-3205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rezwanul Hasan Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-3205","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077384720","display_name":"Khorshed Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-0745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khorshed Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-0745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020663415","display_name":"Jeff Gow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-298X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["AU","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Gow","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa","School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-298X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Commerce, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027465388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7717,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80783547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"506","last_page":"524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12781","display_name":"Global Health Care Issues","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12781","display_name":"Global Health Care Issues","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10209","display_name":"Global Maternal and Child Health","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.5829833149909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.5538792610168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.5201295018196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-economics","display_name":"Demographic economics","score":0.4518170654773712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.44366586208343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.4257308840751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4252289831638336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-technology","display_name":"Information technology","score":0.42066794633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-economics","display_name":"Public economics","score":0.4061151444911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.34397047758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-economics","display_name":"Development economics","score":0.32222995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2077299952507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.16390261054039001}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.5829833149909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.5538792610168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.5201295018196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4518170654773712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.44366586208343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4257308840751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4252289831638336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.42066794633865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4061151444911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.34397047758102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.32222995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2077299952507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.16390261054039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119528808","display_name":"Information Technology for Development","issn_l":"0268-1102","issn":["0268-1102","1554-0170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:titdxx:v:26:y:2020:i:3:p:506-524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/02681102.2019.1678455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320985","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57259266","https://openalex.org/W158771195","https://openalex.org/W585056081","https://openalex.org/W1501734645","https://openalex.org/W1522165052","https://openalex.org/W1543166152","https://openalex.org/W1591013228","https://openalex.org/W1968426535","https://openalex.org/W1977977041","https://openalex.org/W1989281150","https://openalex.org/W1991002196","https://openalex.org/W1992498620","https://openalex.org/W1993865342","https://openalex.org/W1994485221","https://openalex.org/W1995838449","https://openalex.org/W2008695288","https://openalex.org/W2013731936","https://openalex.org/W2014407480","https://openalex.org/W2022220920","https://openalex.org/W2023668736","https://openalex.org/W2025634432","https://openalex.org/W2026978898","https://openalex.org/W2032172087","https://openalex.org/W2034301206","https://openalex.org/W2034853324","https://openalex.org/W2048747368","https://openalex.org/W2052614590","https://openalex.org/W2055509010","https://openalex.org/W2058399165","https://openalex.org/W2075883667","https://openalex.org/W2081557867","https://openalex.org/W2082028938","https://openalex.org/W2088995130","https://openalex.org/W2108171260","https://openalex.org/W2108326458","https://openalex.org/W2112200583","https://openalex.org/W2114504287","https://openalex.org/W2116955358","https://openalex.org/W2117971251","https://openalex.org/W2118633721","https://openalex.org/W2124758339","https://openalex.org/W2125695218","https://openalex.org/W2126335261","https://openalex.org/W2127665034","https://openalex.org/W2128444032","https://openalex.org/W2130892515","https://openalex.org/W2136490244","https://openalex.org/W2136812096","https://openalex.org/W2139873849","https://openalex.org/W2140484896","https://openalex.org/W2140790583","https://openalex.org/W2147422150","https://openalex.org/W2147822506","https://openalex.org/W2155859395","https://openalex.org/W2156951647","https://openalex.org/W2163140439","https://openalex.org/W2163628013","https://openalex.org/W2170433190","https://openalex.org/W2170551713","https://openalex.org/W2172099087","https://openalex.org/W2286097186","https://openalex.org/W2299664154","https://openalex.org/W2331093395","https://openalex.org/W2489942453","https://openalex.org/W2508100880","https://openalex.org/W2527255919","https://openalex.org/W2551063692","https://openalex.org/W2571481014","https://openalex.org/W2588565285","https://openalex.org/W2602945887","https://openalex.org/W2753833827","https://openalex.org/W2754304469","https://openalex.org/W2770587522","https://openalex.org/W2791379313","https://openalex.org/W2794549094","https://openalex.org/W2883702290","https://openalex.org/W3121418714","https://openalex.org/W3121501521","https://openalex.org/W3121965321","https://openalex.org/W3123097286","https://openalex.org/W3123546330","https://openalex.org/W3124091918","https://openalex.org/W3124628988","https://openalex.org/W3125601827","https://openalex.org/W3147343449","https://openalex.org/W3176682987","https://openalex.org/W4252307431","https://openalex.org/W4301885104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978999882","https://openalex.org/W3141031773","https://openalex.org/W1595686156","https://openalex.org/W2181392282","https://openalex.org/W2119369480","https://openalex.org/W1999404995","https://openalex.org/W2153369162","https://openalex.org/W2315765587","https://openalex.org/W148937441","https://openalex.org/W4367046737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"whether":[3],"increasing":[4,91],"diffusion":[5,92,111],"of":[6,37,93,112],"ICTs":[7],"has":[8],"the":[9,35,62,97,110],"potential":[10],"to":[11,17,39,53],"improve":[12],"healthcare":[13,130,139],"use":[14,142],"and":[15,21,46,58,100,103,141],"access":[16,140],"better":[18,129],"health":[19,25,98],"outcome":[20,99],"higher":[22],"spending":[23],"on":[24,75],"in":[26,61,116],"38":[27],"low-income":[28],"countries":[29],"with":[30,80],"a":[31,76,125],"panel":[32,42,63],"data":[33],"for":[34,55,127,137,143],"period":[36],"1995":[38],"2015.":[40],"The":[41,86,105],"corrected":[43],"standard":[44],"error,":[45],"fixed":[47],"effect":[48],"Driscoll-Kraay":[49],"methods":[50],"were":[51],"used":[52],"account":[54],"unobserved":[56],"heterogeneity":[57],"cross-section":[59],"dependence":[60],"data.":[64],"A":[65],"healthoutcome":[66],"index":[67],"was":[68],"developed":[69],"using":[70],"partial":[71],"least":[72],"square":[73],"based":[74],"structural":[77],"equation":[78],"model":[79],"SmartPLS":[81],"(version":[82],"2)":[83],"software":[84],"package.":[85],"estimated":[87],"results":[88],"indicate":[89],"that":[90],"ICT":[94,113,121],"impacts":[95],"both":[96],"expenditure,":[101],"positively":[102],"significantly.":[104],"association":[106],"is":[107,122],"stronger":[108],"when":[109],"takes":[114],"place":[115],"rural":[117],"areas.":[118],"In":[119],"conclusion,":[120],"not":[123],"only":[124],"means":[126],"providing":[128],"services":[131],"but":[132],"also":[133],"an":[134],"essential":[135],"instrument":[136],"popularizing":[138],"all.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
