{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2119490999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128376","title":"Tocqueville in Cyberspace: Using the Internet for Citizen Associations","display_name":"Tocqueville in Cyberspace: Using the Internet for Citizen Associations","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2119490999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128376","mag":"2119490999"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/019722499128376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108436148","display_name":"Hans Klein","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hans K. Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108436148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97276525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"213","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13196","display_name":"Political Theory and Influence","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13196","display_name":"Political Theory and Influence","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberspace","display_name":"Cyberspace","score":0.9558857083320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.7072358727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5402628183364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4092187285423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35820287466049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3312014937400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-studies","display_name":"Media studies","score":0.32297730445861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2780662775039673}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781241145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204606","display_name":"Cyberspace","level":3,"score":0.9558857083320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.7072358727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5402628183364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4092187285423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35820287466049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3312014937400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.32297730445861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2780662775039673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/019722499128376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/019722499128376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161905779","https://openalex.org/W198991722","https://openalex.org/W200809236","https://openalex.org/W1487604077","https://openalex.org/W1969355612","https://openalex.org/W1980067160","https://openalex.org/W1983928169","https://openalex.org/W2002050008","https://openalex.org/W2012548399","https://openalex.org/W2015320337","https://openalex.org/W2070283890","https://openalex.org/W2155969696","https://openalex.org/W2166202269","https://openalex.org/W2751031476","https://openalex.org/W2753221422","https://openalex.org/W2798853583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2368745349","https://openalex.org/W3167675181","https://openalex.org/W2131575257","https://openalex.org/W2372005904","https://openalex.org/W144012884","https://openalex.org/W2360897455","https://openalex.org/W2377660959","https://openalex.org/W4251169878","https://openalex.org/W2810589793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Political":[1],"theorists":[2],"like":[3],"Alexis":[4],"de":[5],"Tocqueville":[6],"have":[7],"long":[8],"recognized":[9],"the":[10,16,40,85,93,102,111,122,126,139,146,154],"importance":[11],"of":[12,18,35,39,66,106,115,124,130,141,153],"citizen":[13,131,144],"associations":[14,162],"for":[15,58],"practice":[17],"democracy.":[19],"Through":[20],"participation":[21,44,49],"in":[22,29,45,50,61,69,76,89,136],"associations,":[23],"citizens":[24,63],"both":[25],"receive":[26],"an":[27,46],"education":[28],"public":[30,67],"affairs":[31,68],"and":[32,101,118,128,169],"create":[33],"centers":[34],"political":[36],"power":[37],"independent":[38],"state.":[41],"Essential":[42],"to":[43,87,95,163,171],"association":[47],"is":[48],"a":[51,53,142],"forum,":[52],"communication":[54,60],"space":[55],"that":[56,157],"allows":[57],"many-to-many":[59],"which":[62],"can":[64],"\"treat":[65],"public\"":[70],"(Tocqueville,":[71],"1945,":[72],"p.":[73],"109).":[74],"Participation":[75,177],"forums":[77,109,159],"suffers":[78],"from":[79],"numerous":[80],"barriers,":[81,117],"however,":[82],"such":[83],"as":[84],"need":[86,94],"meet":[88,96],"one":[90,98],"common":[91,99],"place,":[92],"at":[97],"time,":[100],"potentially":[103],"high":[104],"costs":[105],"participation.":[107],"Online":[108],"on":[110],"Internet":[112,155],"avoid":[113],"many":[114],"these":[116],"thus":[119],"they":[120],"hold":[121],"promise":[123],"facilitating":[125],"formation":[127],"operation":[129],"associations.":[132],"This":[133],"was":[134],"confirmed":[135],"1995":[137],"by":[138],"experiences":[140],"Boston-based":[143],"association,":[145],"Telecommunication":[147],"Policy":[148],"Roundtable-Northeast":[149],"(TPR-NE).":[150],"TPR-NE's":[151],"uses":[152],"suggest":[156],"online":[158],"may":[160],"allow":[161],"be":[164],"more":[165,167,173],"responsive,":[166],"robust,":[168],"able":[170],"unite":[172],"members.":[174],"Keywords:":[175],"Associations;Democracy;Forum;Internet;Many-to-many;Communication;Political":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-03-04T09:10:02.777135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}