{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906741073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","title":"An agnotological analysis of APIs: or, disconnectivity and the ideological limits of our knowledge of social media","display_name":"An agnotological analysis of APIs: or, disconnectivity and the ideological limits of our knowledge of social media","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906741073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","mag":"2906741073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055753504","display_name":"Nicholas John","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-4120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas A. John","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication and Journalism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication and Journalism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076012801","display_name":"Asaf Nissenbaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-7577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asaf Nissenbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication and Journalism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication and Journalism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055753504"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8039,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98670367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6880452632904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6173132658004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.616975724697113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5774471759796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.4916430115699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.39384758472442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3822008967399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.36938729882240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3109434247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1516188383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.15100088715553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.14504274725914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.10105141997337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09712573885917664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6880452632904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6173132658004761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.616975724697113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5774471759796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.4916430115699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39384758472442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3822008967399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.36938729882240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3109434247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1516188383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.15100088715553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14504274725914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10105141997337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09712573885917664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/84ac2209-db66-4a99-b974-04953e6bb4fc","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/84ac2209-db66-4a99-b974-04953e6bb4fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"John, N A & Nissenbaum, A 2019, 'An agnotological analysis of APIs : or, disconnectivity and the ideological limits of our knowledge of social media', Information Society, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2018.1542647","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184537900","https://openalex.org/W1500693574","https://openalex.org/W1889456788","https://openalex.org/W2069516633","https://openalex.org/W2102861279","https://openalex.org/W2112130747","https://openalex.org/W2137910577","https://openalex.org/W2137978397","https://openalex.org/W2150612192","https://openalex.org/W2154203078","https://openalex.org/W2163923363","https://openalex.org/W2167941604","https://openalex.org/W2170671660","https://openalex.org/W2172993651","https://openalex.org/W2182774054","https://openalex.org/W2201349394","https://openalex.org/W2259271556","https://openalex.org/W2402926652","https://openalex.org/W2623551750","https://openalex.org/W2668191635","https://openalex.org/W2909856172","https://openalex.org/W4255959053","https://openalex.org/W4285054309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2358556841","https://openalex.org/W2393918707","https://openalex.org/W2347506984","https://openalex.org/W2356608624","https://openalex.org/W2389874476","https://openalex.org/W2357886583","https://openalex.org/W2948332946","https://openalex.org/W2618286804","https://openalex.org/W2381639109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adopting":[0],"an":[1,133],"agnotological":[2],"perspective,":[3,98],"this":[4,36],"article":[5],"extends":[6],"the":[7,40,55,75,122,143],"critical":[8,140],"literature":[9],"on":[10,111,142],"APIs":[11,21,51,79,92],"(application":[12],"programing":[13],"interfaces)":[14],"by":[15,61],"systematically":[16],"showing":[17],"that":[18,46,78,91,107,138,148],"social":[19,43,136,149],"media":[20,44,137,150],"are":[22,47],"largely":[23],"blind":[24],"to":[25,84,132,152],"acts":[26],"of":[27,39,42,105,135,146],"disconnectivity":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,52],"unfriending":[31],"and":[32,116,130],"unliking.":[33],"We":[34],"do":[35],"through":[37,50,121],"analysis":[38],"traces":[41],"usage":[45],"not":[48],"accessible":[49,120],"gleaned":[53],"from":[54],"technical":[56],"documentation":[57],"published":[58],"for":[59,74,103,128],"developers":[60],"12":[62],"major":[63],"SNSs.":[64],"Our":[65],"findings":[66],"make":[67],"two":[68],"main":[69],"contributions.":[70],"First,":[71],"we":[72,89],"show":[73,90],"first":[76],"time":[77],"offer":[80,93],"virtually":[81],"no":[82],"access":[83],"data":[85],"about":[86],"disconnectivity.":[87,101],"Second,":[88],"a":[94],"very":[95],"limited":[96],"historical":[97,115],"particularly":[99],"regarding":[100],"However,":[102],"types":[104],"users":[106],"might":[108],"spend":[109],"money":[110],"advertising,":[112],"far":[113],"more":[114],"disconnectivity-oriented":[117],"information":[118],"is":[119],"API.":[123],"This":[124],"has":[125],"practical":[126],"consequences":[127],"research":[129],"contributes":[131],"agnotology":[134],"sheds":[139],"light":[141],"advertiser-friendly":[144],"atmosphere":[145],"connectivity":[147],"try":[151],"create.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}