{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2216772880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","title":"Data aggregators, consumer data, and responsibility online: Who is tracking consumers online and should they stop?","display_name":"Data aggregators, consumer data, and responsibility online: Who is tracking consumers online and should they stop?","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2216772880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","mag":"2216772880"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034572748","display_name":"Kirsten Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0638-0169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kirsten Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Strategic Management and Public Policy, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Strategic Management and Public Policy, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034572748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95301529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-privacy","display_name":"Consumer privacy","score":0.705933690071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.7055088877677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm","display_name":"Harm","score":0.6248536705970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5791568160057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5736111998558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.541803777217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.5182280540466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5120492577552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.41840726137161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.3429318368434906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.33960795402526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11736813187599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08871576189994812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778656907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164712","display_name":"Consumer privacy","level":3,"score":0.705933690071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7055088877677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.6248536705970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5791568160057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5736111998558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.541803777217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5182280540466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5120492577552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.41840726137161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.3429318368434906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33960795402526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11736813187599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08871576189994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2015.1107166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144363146","display_name":"The Information Society","issn_l":"0197-2243","issn":["0197-2243","1087-6537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6814781","https://openalex.org/W24581508","https://openalex.org/W71278428","https://openalex.org/W82764007","https://openalex.org/W298082197","https://openalex.org/W298756085","https://openalex.org/W643300919","https://openalex.org/W964600994","https://openalex.org/W1500693574","https://openalex.org/W1515071561","https://openalex.org/W1542356730","https://openalex.org/W1545876785","https://openalex.org/W1599914861","https://openalex.org/W1640628807","https://openalex.org/W1770989051","https://openalex.org/W1806771705","https://openalex.org/W1869945511","https://openalex.org/W1881329684","https://openalex.org/W1882358344","https://openalex.org/W1891485864","https://openalex.org/W1967296158","https://openalex.org/W1968416823","https://openalex.org/W1975290931","https://openalex.org/W1987561677","https://openalex.org/W1997806426","https://openalex.org/W2001675053","https://openalex.org/W2002390923","https://openalex.org/W2008216928","https://openalex.org/W2009156589","https://openalex.org/W2016634442","https://openalex.org/W2035701230","https://openalex.org/W2053283023","https://openalex.org/W2060450456","https://openalex.org/W2075801888","https://openalex.org/W2076328095","https://openalex.org/W2076350413","https://openalex.org/W2077189053","https://openalex.org/W2086309501","https://openalex.org/W2094893133","https://openalex.org/W2107618747","https://openalex.org/W2110026548","https://openalex.org/W2113400786","https://openalex.org/W2116985510","https://openalex.org/W2120647424","https://openalex.org/W2140237693","https://openalex.org/W2149007252","https://openalex.org/W2152065333","https://openalex.org/W2157653651","https://openalex.org/W2159764755","https://openalex.org/W2160709242","https://openalex.org/W2167700901","https://openalex.org/W2267295096","https://openalex.org/W2295078336","https://openalex.org/W2316675858","https://openalex.org/W2332086916","https://openalex.org/W2464945570","https://openalex.org/W2551190692","https://openalex.org/W2557607105","https://openalex.org/W2962975506","https://openalex.org/W2982314133","https://openalex.org/W3121141467","https://openalex.org/W3121422765","https://openalex.org/W3122043508","https://openalex.org/W3122935696","https://openalex.org/W3122942318","https://openalex.org/W3123121197","https://openalex.org/W3123172930","https://openalex.org/W3123375877","https://openalex.org/W3124289461","https://openalex.org/W3124380903","https://openalex.org/W3124944310","https://openalex.org/W3125057561","https://openalex.org/W3125094673","https://openalex.org/W3125862264","https://openalex.org/W3126059815","https://openalex.org/W3154618479","https://openalex.org/W4206367481","https://openalex.org/W4210968699","https://openalex.org/W4231082896","https://openalex.org/W4238395205","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584827882","https://openalex.org/W4248194780","https://openalex.org/W2515530082","https://openalex.org/W3124723974","https://openalex.org/W3025835448","https://openalex.org/W2015735740","https://openalex.org/W2499506767","https://openalex.org/W4237780503","https://openalex.org/W4293173155","https://openalex.org/W2470776051"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"goal":[1],"of":[2,11,24,31,57,88,92,98,105],"this":[3],"article":[4],"is":[5,138],"to":[6,18,46,51,74,77,122,128,132],"examine":[7],"the":[8,20,25,28,37,42,53,126,136,140],"strategic":[9],"choices":[10],"firms":[12,58,109],"collecting":[13],"consumer":[14,115],"data":[15,116],"online":[16,32,70],"and":[17,22,55,62,101,113,117,143],"identify":[19],"roles":[21,54],"obligations":[23],"actors":[26],"within":[27,81,95],"current":[29],"network":[30,97],"tracking.":[33],"In":[34],"doing":[35],"so,":[36],"focus":[38],"shifts":[39],"from":[40,111],"placing":[41],"onus":[43],"on":[44],"individuals":[45],"make":[47],"an":[48,103,119],"informed":[49],"choice,":[50],"justifying":[52],"responsibilities":[56],"when":[59],"gathering,":[60],"aggregating,":[61],"using":[63],"consumers'":[64],"interests":[65],"or":[66,76],"behavior":[67],"online.":[68],"Firms":[69],"are":[71],"uniquely":[72],"positioned":[73],"undercut":[75],"respect":[78],"privacy":[79],"expectations":[80],"three":[82],"possible":[83],"roles:":[84],"as":[85,102],"a":[86,89,96],"member":[87],"supply":[90],"chain":[91],"information":[93],"traders,":[94],"surveillance":[99],"online,":[100],"arm":[104],"law":[106],"enforcement.":[107],"These":[108],"benefit":[110],"aggregating":[112],"analyzing":[114],"have":[118],"associated":[120],"responsibility":[121],"not":[123],"only":[124],"minimize":[125],"harm":[127],"consumers":[129],"but":[130],"also":[131],"enact":[133],"change":[134],"where":[135],"firm":[137],"in":[139],"most":[141],"knowledgeable":[142],"powerful":[144],"position.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
