{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290960132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389","title":"Objective evaluation of mechanical expressiveness in android and human faces","display_name":"Objective evaluation of mechanical expressiveness in android and human faces","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290960132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080378884","display_name":"Hisashi Ishihara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-1043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hisashi Ishihara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080378884"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40296844,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"16","first_page":"767","last_page":"780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11595","display_name":"Textile materials and evaluations","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.7473173141479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7454564571380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.47866758704185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4419947564601898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.42398735880851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.39077526330947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3599090576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14656496047973633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.7473173141479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7454564571380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.47866758704185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4419947564601898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.42398735880851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.39077526330947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3599090576171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14656496047973633}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2103389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3972692567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP20K14697, JP20H05617","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510487424","https://openalex.org/W1608468640","https://openalex.org/W1628004254","https://openalex.org/W1967067797","https://openalex.org/W1973902571","https://openalex.org/W1982259768","https://openalex.org/W1999412894","https://openalex.org/W2006892342","https://openalex.org/W2009246516","https://openalex.org/W2028445091","https://openalex.org/W2080490989","https://openalex.org/W2115502308","https://openalex.org/W2124935218","https://openalex.org/W2130859329","https://openalex.org/W2133857227","https://openalex.org/W2135826624","https://openalex.org/W2138031167","https://openalex.org/W2141862758","https://openalex.org/W2161385114","https://openalex.org/W2164780916","https://openalex.org/W2279205120","https://openalex.org/W2329785677","https://openalex.org/W2342324161","https://openalex.org/W2554972835","https://openalex.org/W2897543563","https://openalex.org/W3127140219","https://openalex.org/W3131553854","https://openalex.org/W3139405229","https://openalex.org/W4236796216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2156434174","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2070401501","https://openalex.org/W2121496884","https://openalex.org/W2387910809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extensive":[0],"research":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"conducted":[4],"to":[5,61,70,96,172,181,186,194],"realize":[6,187],"highly":[7],"expressive":[8,146],"android":[9,19,28,67],"faces.":[10,129],"In":[11],"contrast,":[12],"not":[13,40],"much":[14],"is":[15,29],"being":[16],"discussed":[17],"which":[18],"faces":[20,68,88],"are":[21],"mechanically":[22],"better":[23],"and":[24,33,51,92,148],"how":[25,102],"advanced":[26],"each":[27,104],"because":[30],"a":[31,48,74,110],"fair":[32],"meaningful":[34],"standard":[35],"index":[36,50],"of":[37,54,66,77,81,89,117,132,140,151,165],"expressiveness":[38,60,99,116,131,192],"does":[39],"exist.":[41],"Therefore,":[42],"in":[43,126,143,156,168,196],"this":[44],"study,":[45],"we":[46,112],"propose":[47],"numerical":[49],"three":[52,93],"types":[53],"visualization":[55],"methods":[56],"for":[57],"facial":[58,84,105,174],"deformation":[59],"investigate":[62],"the":[63,87,98,115,118,127,133,144,163],"mechanical":[64,166],"performance":[65,167],"compared":[69],"humans.":[71,197],"We":[72],"used":[73],"data":[75],"set":[76],"three-dimensional":[78,157],"displacement":[79],"vectors":[80],"over":[82],"100":[83],"points":[85],"on":[86],"two":[90,149],"androids":[91,119,134,171,190],"human":[94],"males":[95],"calculate":[97],"that":[100,114,139,195],"reflects":[101],"diversely":[103],"point":[106],"could":[107],"move.":[108],"As":[109],"result,":[111],"found":[113],"was":[120,135],"significantly":[121],"lower":[122,128,153],"than":[123,154],"humans,":[124],"especially":[125],"The":[130],"approximately":[136],"only":[137],"20%":[138],"humans":[141,155],"even":[142],"most":[145],"axis":[147],"orders":[150],"magnitude":[152],"evaluation.":[158],"Thus,":[159],"our":[160],"method":[161,178],"revealed":[162],"lackness":[164],"recently":[169],"developed":[170],"move":[173],"skin":[175],"widely.":[176],"This":[177],"enabled":[179],"us":[180],"reasonably":[182],"discuss":[183],"future":[184],"directions":[185],"next":[188],"generation":[189],"with":[191],"similar":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
