{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184210795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","title":"Robots and emotion: a survey of trends, classifications, and forms of interaction","display_name":"Robots and emotion: a survey of trends, classifications, and forms of interaction","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184210795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","mag":"3184210795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028236244","display_name":"Richard Savery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-147X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Savery","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech Center for Music Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech Center for Music Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103010206","display_name":"Gil Weinberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-2235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gil Weinberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech Center for Music Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech Center for Music Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028236244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74882979,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"17","first_page":"1030","last_page":"1042"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7173736095428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.6572039723396301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-intelligence","display_name":"Emotional intelligence","score":0.6132451295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6052030920982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5789985060691833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5432461500167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5119625329971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4552806615829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survivability","display_name":"Survivability","score":0.4310719072818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.4309682846069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.39441484212875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.37040507793426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3441013693809509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.23296323418617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18326061964035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08542317152023315}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7173736095428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.6572039723396301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174107131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191591","display_name":"Emotional intelligence","level":2,"score":0.6132451295852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6052030920982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5789985060691833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5432461500167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5119625329971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4552806615829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781133158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088669","display_name":"Survivability","level":2,"score":0.4310719072818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.4309682846069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39441484212875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37040507793426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3441013693809509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.23296323418617249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18326061964035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08542317152023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2021.1957014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6576198402","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1925178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14005205","https://openalex.org/W652662681","https://openalex.org/W1496638889","https://openalex.org/W1521597329","https://openalex.org/W1963718955","https://openalex.org/W1969850025","https://openalex.org/W1978580730","https://openalex.org/W1979062860","https://openalex.org/W1983575794","https://openalex.org/W1992164702","https://openalex.org/W2003120543","https://openalex.org/W2012480904","https://openalex.org/W2015666900","https://openalex.org/W2017262373","https://openalex.org/W2017422148","https://openalex.org/W2033690608","https://openalex.org/W2038256537","https://openalex.org/W2040259538","https://openalex.org/W2053075060","https://openalex.org/W2058800354","https://openalex.org/W2068430076","https://openalex.org/W2072316377","https://openalex.org/W2086182437","https://openalex.org/W2091084672","https://openalex.org/W2108120108","https://openalex.org/W2111040806","https://openalex.org/W2114346911","https://openalex.org/W2115845871","https://openalex.org/W2116849684","https://openalex.org/W2117153874","https://openalex.org/W2123465917","https://openalex.org/W2132174088","https://openalex.org/W2140265402","https://openalex.org/W2141093480","https://openalex.org/W2142613700","https://openalex.org/W2145287260","https://openalex.org/W2146374207","https://openalex.org/W2146948525","https://openalex.org/W2150332897","https://openalex.org/W2151288549","https://openalex.org/W2151717183","https://openalex.org/W2164186613","https://openalex.org/W2165857685","https://openalex.org/W2172038194","https://openalex.org/W2343820197","https://openalex.org/W2440711293","https://openalex.org/W2534757413","https://openalex.org/W2544386885","https://openalex.org/W2557426694","https://openalex.org/W2564450351","https://openalex.org/W2575830474","https://openalex.org/W2588007596","https://openalex.org/W2754425142","https://openalex.org/W2773547303","https://openalex.org/W2774826004","https://openalex.org/W2782637823","https://openalex.org/W2790233857","https://openalex.org/W2808078406","https://openalex.org/W2893828522","https://openalex.org/W2907114726","https://openalex.org/W2910603373","https://openalex.org/W2913608799","https://openalex.org/W2946825181","https://openalex.org/W2958188635","https://openalex.org/W2968332143","https://openalex.org/W2973518854","https://openalex.org/W2974040474","https://openalex.org/W2996015944","https://openalex.org/W2999806517","https://openalex.org/W3113116087","https://openalex.org/W3133737915","https://openalex.org/W4205559380","https://openalex.org/W4237536504","https://openalex.org/W4241818697","https://openalex.org/W4256580441","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2387494004","https://openalex.org/W2162492390","https://openalex.org/W2350417149","https://openalex.org/W2036372418","https://openalex.org/W2545190132","https://openalex.org/W212597372","https://openalex.org/W2114587117","https://openalex.org/W2151533375","https://openalex.org/W2105280038","https://openalex.org/W2165219878"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,140],"use":[1,15],"of":[2,14,46,65,89,98,150,169,181,189],"emotion":[3,92,129,146,190],"to":[4,9,20],"drive":[5],"robotic":[6],"interaction":[7,188],"continues":[8],"grow":[10],"across":[11],"a":[12,167,179],"range":[13],"cases,":[16],"from":[17,28,186],"social":[18],"robotics":[19,55],"increased":[21],"survivability.":[22],"Nevertheless,":[23],"these":[24],"efforts":[25],"remain":[26],"isolated":[27],"each":[29],"other":[30],"and":[31,38,49,56,71,100,120,132,138,148,161,178,191],"are":[32],"not":[33,101],"easily":[34],"compared":[35],"between":[36],"papers":[37,82],"projects.":[39],"To":[40],"this":[41,109],"end":[42],"an":[43,77,104],"extensive":[44],"survey":[45,59],"1427":[47],"IEEE":[48],"ACM":[50],"publications":[51],"was":[52,74,93,130],"conducted,":[53],"covering":[54,68],"emotion.":[57],"first":[60],"resulted":[61],"in":[62,127],"broad":[63,112],"categorizations":[64],"key":[66,170],"trends":[67],"emotional":[69,116,118,141],"input":[70,105],"output.":[72,107],"This":[73,163],"followed":[75],"by":[76],"extended":[78],"analysis":[79],"on":[80,85],"232":[81],"that":[83],"focused":[84],"the":[86,125,134,145,154,158,174,182,187],"internal":[87],"processing":[88],"emotion,":[90],"where":[91],"handled":[94,131],"through":[95,173],"some":[96],"kind":[97],"algorithm":[99],"just":[102],"as":[103],"or":[106],"From":[108],"analysis,":[110],"three":[111],"categories":[113,147],"were":[114],"developed:":[115],"intelligence,":[117],"model,":[119],"implementation.":[121],"Emotional":[122],"intelligence":[123],"captured":[124,144],"manner":[126],"which":[128],"included":[133],"subcategories:":[135],"algorithm,":[136],"mapping,":[137],"history.":[139],"model":[142],"category":[143,156],"number":[149],"emotions":[151],"used,":[152],"while":[153],"implementation":[155],"tracked":[157],"role,":[159],"purpose,":[160],"platform.":[162],"paper":[164],"concludes":[165],"with":[166],"summary":[168],"features":[171],"discovered":[172],"process,":[175],"future":[176],"opportunities,":[177],"discussion":[180],"intrinsic":[183],"challenges":[184],"emerging":[185],"robotics.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}