{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071875170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119591883845","title":"THE CRYPTOLOGIC ORIGIN OF BRAILLE","display_name":"THE CRYPTOLOGIC ORIGIN OF BRAILLE","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071875170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119591883845","mag":"2071875170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0161-119591883845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119591883845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185196701","display_name":"Cryptologia","issn_l":"0161-1194","issn":["0161-1194","1558-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptologia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024607176","display_name":"David W. Kahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144606","display_name":"GreatSchools","ror":"https://ror.org/04y7r1x60","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144606"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Kahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["\n                   \n                120 Wooleys Lane, Great Neck NY 11023 USA","120 Wooleys Lane, Great Neck NY 11023 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\n                   \n                120 Wooleys Lane, Great Neck NY 11023 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"120 Wooleys Lane, Great Neck NY 11023 USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024607176"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144606"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15948399,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"151","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.920199990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.920199990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braille","display_name":"Braille","score":0.9458181858062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/officer","display_name":"Officer","score":0.6307337880134583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4461452066898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.3239176571369171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3052625060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.231302410364151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0721190869808197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.05071306228637695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778802812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79894","display_name":"Braille","level":2,"score":0.9458181858062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.6307337880134583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4461452066898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3239176571369171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3052625060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.231302410364151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0721190869808197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.05071306228637695}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0161-119591883845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119591883845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185196701","display_name":"Cryptologia","issn_l":"0161-1194","issn":["0161-1194","1558-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptologia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1525606688","https://openalex.org/W2113415290","https://openalex.org/W2805875310","https://openalex.org/W2626963359","https://openalex.org/W2056248531","https://openalex.org/W3203015479","https://openalex.org/W2787678320","https://openalex.org/W2995726765","https://openalex.org/W103110721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Louis":[1],"Braille's":[2],"concept":[3],"of":[4,16,22],"raised":[5],"writing":[6,17],"for":[7],"the":[8,19],"blind":[9],"stemmed":[10],"from":[11],"an":[12],"army":[13],"officer's":[14],"system":[15],"in":[18],"dark":[20],"(as":[21],"a":[23],"dugout)":[24],"and":[25],"secretly.":[26],"Keywords:":[27],"BrailleBarbier":[28]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-24T19:35:01.260952","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
