{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4247214123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119091864832","title":"THE NIAGARA CIPHER - PART I","display_name":"THE NIAGARA CIPHER - PART I","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4247214123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119091864832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0161-119091864832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119091864832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185196701","display_name":"Cryptologia","issn_l":"0161-1194","issn":["0161-1194","1558-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptologia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002743540","display_name":"Brian Leigh Dunnigan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201536842","display_name":"Niagara University","ror":"https://ror.org/05309tf52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201536842"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Leigh Dunnigan","raw_affiliation_strings":["a    Old Fort Niagara, PO Box 169, Youngstown NY 14174-0169 USA","Old Fort Niagara, PO Box 169, Youngstown NY 14174-0169 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a    Old Fort Niagara, PO Box 169, Youngstown NY 14174-0169 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201536842"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Fort Niagara, PO Box 169, Youngstown NY 14174-0169 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201536842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042090753","display_name":"Frank Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799594168","display_name":"Montserrat Volcano Observatory","ror":"https://ror.org/02wvm8742","country_code":"MS","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799594168"]}],"countries":["MS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["b    PO Box 312, Plymouth, Montserrat, West Indies","PO Box 312, Plymouth, Montserrat, West Indies"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b    PO Box 312, Plymouth, Montserrat, West Indies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799594168"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PO Box 312, Plymouth, Montserrat, West Indies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799594168"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016300535","display_name":"M. J. Barlow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3875-1171"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Barlow","raw_affiliation_strings":["c    5052 Chestnut Ave, Pierrefonds, PQ, Canada. H8Z 2A8","5052 Chestnut Ave, Pierrefonds, PQ, Canada. H8Z 2A8"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c    5052 Chestnut Ave, Pierrefonds, PQ, Canada. H8Z 2A8","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"5052 Chestnut Ave, Pierrefonds, PQ, Canada. H8Z 2A8","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002743540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201536842"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62319052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"135","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cipher","display_name":"Cipher","score":0.6796761751174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/running-key-cipher","display_name":"Running key cipher","score":0.5608314871788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5342655777931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4982023239135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.12213456630706787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681865","display_name":"Cipher","level":3,"score":0.6796761751174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64119674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7380031","display_name":"Running key cipher","level":4,"score":0.5608314871788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5342655777931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4982023239135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.12213456630706787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0161-119091864832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0161-119091864832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185196701","display_name":"Cryptologia","issn_l":"0161-1194","issn":["0161-1194","1558-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cryptologia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350007300","https://openalex.org/W2011030412","https://openalex.org/W4388743740","https://openalex.org/W3030685797","https://openalex.org/W3147181481","https://openalex.org/W77907613","https://openalex.org/W3004244190","https://openalex.org/W3213204265","https://openalex.org/W2352570296","https://openalex.org/W2111855876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"British":[2],"military":[3],"cipher":[4],"of":[5],"1759":[6],"is":[7],"described":[8],"and":[9],"offered":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12],"challenge":[13],"to":[14],"readers.":[15],"Keywords:":[16],"Military":[17],"ciphershistorical":[18],"ciphersAmherstPrideauxFort":[19],"Niagara":[20]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}