{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2786700002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","title":"Flow on the Internet: a longitudinal study of Internet addiction symptoms during adolescence","display_name":"Flow on the Internet: a longitudinal study of Internet addiction symptoms during adolescence","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2786700002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","mag":"2786700002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour &amp; Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040674565","display_name":"Vasileios Stavropoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6964-4662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["AU","GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Stavropoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia","Faculty of Philosophy, Pedagogy, and Psychology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Philosophy, Pedagogy, and Psychology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008372095","display_name":"Mark D. Griffiths","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-6524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark D. Griffiths","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024658250","display_name":"Tyrone L. Burleigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-140X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tyrone L. Burleigh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-140X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005992442","display_name":"Daria J. Kuss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8917-782X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daria J. Kuss","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054019750","display_name":"Young Yim Doh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-0828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young Yim Doh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Culture Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Culture Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009528682","display_name":"Rapson Gomez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7637-1551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149672521","display_name":"Federation University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbzwv83","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rapson Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024658250"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149672521"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3217,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9840357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"159","last_page":"172"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.5741000175476074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.5741000175476074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.33799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.7780667543411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/addiction","display_name":"Addiction","score":0.7727139592170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-study","display_name":"Longitudinal study","score":0.6078088879585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5617407560348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.41738513112068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.347956120967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.2401658594608307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20686274766921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17082181572914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16338962316513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.06431984901428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06210595369338989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.7780667543411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.7727139592170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.6078088879585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5617407560348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41738513112068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.347956120967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2401658594608307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20686274766921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17082181572914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16338962316513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.06431984901428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06210595369338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2018.1424937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour &amp; Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:32513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400559","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","host_organization_name":"Nottingham Trent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.vu.edu.au:39684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vuir.vu.edu.au/39684/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400215","display_name":"Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","host_organization_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:vital:13075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400234","display_name":"FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210158496","host_organization_name":"Australian Federation of University Women \u2013 South Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158496"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:tbitxx:v:37:y:2018:i:2:p:159-172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0144929X.2018.1424937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337621","display_name":"Institute for National Strategic Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/04srvjp38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W257825504","https://openalex.org/W1603686498","https://openalex.org/W1919094054","https://openalex.org/W1970000807","https://openalex.org/W1973669104","https://openalex.org/W1975292217","https://openalex.org/W1978116584","https://openalex.org/W1988930999","https://openalex.org/W1991933160","https://openalex.org/W1992498885","https://openalex.org/W1993006659","https://openalex.org/W1993553462","https://openalex.org/W1995922823","https://openalex.org/W1996720993","https://openalex.org/W1997483923","https://openalex.org/W2009796352","https://openalex.org/W2010301148","https://openalex.org/W2012796013","https://openalex.org/W2013963581","https://openalex.org/W2018367571","https://openalex.org/W2025923032","https://openalex.org/W2028200123","https://openalex.org/W2034726316","https://openalex.org/W2040999123","https://openalex.org/W2043612358","https://openalex.org/W2049034110","https://openalex.org/W2051847487","https://openalex.org/W2052845339","https://openalex.org/W2054115258","https://openalex.org/W2062866147","https://openalex.org/W2073568122","https://openalex.org/W2076415515","https://openalex.org/W2078724706","https://openalex.org/W2080264807","https://openalex.org/W2081071304","https://openalex.org/W2088180824","https://openalex.org/W2088776070","https://openalex.org/W2089931150","https://openalex.org/W2090156117","https://openalex.org/W2097104154","https://openalex.org/W2097457534","https://openalex.org/W2098620135","https://openalex.org/W2103167256","https://openalex.org/W2105975366","https://openalex.org/W2111093795","https://openalex.org/W2111669400","https://openalex.org/W2112146495","https://openalex.org/W2112247961","https://openalex.org/W2113253256","https://openalex.org/W2120950450","https://openalex.org/W2121378207","https://openalex.org/W2124615740","https://openalex.org/W2126883121","https://openalex.org/W2129377936","https://openalex.org/W2131783775","https://openalex.org/W2136187600","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2141119748","https://openalex.org/W2145127510","https://openalex.org/W2145432309","https://openalex.org/W2154597847","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2158672897","https://openalex.org/W2195490972","https://openalex.org/W2202047988","https://openalex.org/W2224889039","https://openalex.org/W2274197493","https://openalex.org/W2480480197","https://openalex.org/W2586060302","https://openalex.org/W2605019477","https://openalex.org/W2615973823","https://openalex.org/W2624988740","https://openalex.org/W2739266510","https://openalex.org/W2890373521","https://openalex.org/W2948742193","https://openalex.org/W3024805852","https://openalex.org/W4297915009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2611312181","https://openalex.org/W2352083682","https://openalex.org/W2144802702","https://openalex.org/W2547625515","https://openalex.org/W4207041414","https://openalex.org/W4389682136","https://openalex.org/W3035400156","https://openalex.org/W2784190561","https://openalex.org/W1594866619","https://openalex.org/W2788209346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0,6,63],"Addiction":[1,64],"(IA)":[2],"constitutes":[3],"an":[4],"excessive":[5],"use":[7],"behavior":[8],"with":[9,104,114],"a":[10,105,136],"significant":[11],"impact":[12],"on":[13,39,87],"the":[14,20,62,72,126,140,157],"user\u2019s":[15],"well-being.":[16],"Online":[17,73,110],"flow":[18,37,68,85,111,161],"describes":[19],"users\u2019":[21],"level":[22],"of":[23,142,168],"being":[24],"absorbed":[25],"by":[26],"their":[27],"online":[28,67,84,160],"activity.":[29],"The":[30,43,171],"present":[31],"study":[32,172],"investigated":[33],"age-related,":[34,81],"gender,":[35,82],"and":[36,55,66,83,90,117,153,162,176,183],"effects":[38,86],"IA":[40,58,88,96,115,131,163],"in":[41,108],"adolescence.":[42],"sample":[44],"comprised":[45],"648":[46],"adolescents":[47],"who":[48],"were":[49],"assessed":[50,60,70],"twice":[51],"at":[52,139],"age":[53,141],"16":[54,143,152],"18":[56,154],"years.":[57,155],"was":[59,69,112],"using":[61,71],"Test":[65],"Flow":[74],"Questionnaire.":[75],"A":[76],"three-level":[77],"hierarchical":[78],"model":[79],"estimated":[80],"symptoms":[89,97,116,132,164],"controlled":[91],"for":[92,179,186],"clustered":[93],"random":[94],"effects.":[95,170],"decreased":[98],"over":[99,121],"time":[100],"(for":[101],"both":[102],"genders)":[103],"slower":[106],"rate":[107],"males.":[109],"associated":[113],"this":[118],"remained":[119,165],"consistent":[120],"time.":[122],"Findings":[123],"expand":[124],"upon":[125],"available":[127],"literature":[128],"suggesting":[129],"that":[130],"could":[133],"function":[134],"as":[135],"development-related":[137],"manifestation":[138],"years,":[144],"while":[145],"IA-related":[146],"gender":[147],"differences":[148,175],"gradually":[149],"increase":[150],"between":[151,159],"Finally,":[156],"association":[158],"stable":[166],"independent":[167],"age-related":[169],"highlights":[173],"individual":[174],"provides":[177],"directions":[178],"more":[180],"targeted":[181],"prevention":[182],"intervention":[184],"initiatives":[185],"IA.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
