{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047649096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914588","title":"A practical guide to using software usability labs: lessons learned at IBM","display_name":"A practical guide to using software usability labs: lessons learned at IBM","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047649096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914588","mag":"2047649096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01449299408914588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour & Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003607969","display_name":"Janet L. Fath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096888","display_name":"AquaGreen (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00sze5p60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096888"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JANET L. FATH","raw_affiliation_strings":["J. L. Fath, Inc., 1323 Chalmette Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30306, USA","J. L. Fath, Inc. , 1323 Chalmette Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30306, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. L. Fath, Inc., 1323 Chalmette Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30306, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096888"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. L. Fath, Inc. , 1323 Chalmette Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30306, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025818346","display_name":"Teresa L. Mann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287521167","display_name":"Lockheed Martin (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/026er9r08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TERESA L. MANN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. 73-6M Zone 0670 86 S. Cobb Drive, Lockhecd Corporation, Marietta, GA, 30063, USA","Dept. 73-6M Zone 0670 86 S. Cobb Drive , Lockhecd Corporation , Marietta, GA, 30063, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. 73-6M Zone 0670 86 S. Cobb Drive, Lockhecd Corporation, Marietta, GA, 30063, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. 73-6M Zone 0670 86 S. Cobb Drive , Lockhecd Corporation , Marietta, GA, 30063, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079934846","display_name":"Thomas G. Holzman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109317","display_name":"Wind Power Engineering (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/020wewy68","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109317"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"THOMAS G. HOLZMAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Business Machines, WG12B 3200 Windy Hill Road, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA","International Business Machines , WG12B 3200 Windy Hill Road, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business Machines, WG12B 3200 Windy Hill Road, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business Machines , WG12B 3200 Windy Hill Road, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15665489,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1-2","first_page":"94","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.9501000046730042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.9482033252716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-goals","display_name":"Usability goals","score":0.7139443159103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.684952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-engineering","display_name":"Usability engineering","score":0.6838066577911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-walkthrough","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","score":0.6744656562805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-inspection","display_name":"Usability inspection","score":0.6431666612625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6274241209030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6123454570770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.6109640598297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-lab","display_name":"Usability lab","score":0.5854678153991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5632376670837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-usability","display_name":"Web usability","score":0.5623126029968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4906133711338043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.48866990208625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pluralistic-walkthrough","display_name":"Pluralistic walkthrough","score":0.4843229353427887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-evaluation","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","score":0.4526389539241791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.44254356622695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.38897067308425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32922089099884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3236347436904907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08167961239814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.05658954381942749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.9482033252716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62993174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928808","display_name":"Usability goals","level":4,"score":0.7139443159103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.684952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100302975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642623","display_name":"Usability engineering","level":3,"score":0.6838066577911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87105883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107002","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","level":4,"score":0.6744656562805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23456302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901668","display_name":"Usability inspection","level":4,"score":0.6431666612625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6274241209030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6123454570770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.6109640598297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11324603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2502322","display_name":"Usability lab","level":4,"score":0.5854678153991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5632376670837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4237393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1636686","display_name":"Web usability","level":3,"score":0.5623126029968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4906133711338043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48866990208625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188688815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205541","display_name":"Pluralistic walkthrough","level":3,"score":0.4843229353427887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3255780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616517","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","level":3,"score":0.4526389539241791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.44254356622695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.38897067308425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32922089099884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3236347436904907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08167961239814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.05658954381942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01449299408914588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour & Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590937613","https://openalex.org/W1596953637","https://openalex.org/W1988410705","https://openalex.org/W2093253756","https://openalex.org/W4237118777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016022053","https://openalex.org/W2085749886","https://openalex.org/W2150599767","https://openalex.org/W2155602934","https://openalex.org/W2772000347","https://openalex.org/W2488259327","https://openalex.org/W2212131490","https://openalex.org/W2081936878","https://openalex.org/W65754041","https://openalex.org/W2130660484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Usability":[0],"evaluation":[1,47,85],"is":[2],"a":[3,7,13,31,88],"key":[4],"component":[5],"of":[6,21,30,90],"user-centred":[8],"design":[9],"process.":[10,48],"Access":[11],"to":[12,62],"usability":[14,32,99],"laboratory":[15,33,41],"can":[16],"greatly":[17],"facilitate":[18],"the":[19,27,40,59,64,67,70,74,79],"process":[20,50,86],"empirically":[22],"measuring":[23],"user":[24],"performance,":[25],"but":[26],"mere":[28],"presence":[29],"does":[34],"not":[35],"assure":[36],"usable":[37],"products.":[38],"Rather,":[39],"must":[42],"be":[43],"used":[44],"within":[45],"an":[46],"The":[49],"described":[51],"in":[52],"this":[53,84],"article":[54],"has":[55],"five":[56],"phases:":[57],"designing":[58],"evaluation,":[60,65,68],"preparing":[61],"conduct":[63],"conducting":[66],"analysing":[69],"data,":[71],"and":[72],"reporting":[73],"results.":[75],"Lessons":[76],"learned":[77],"by":[78,97],"authors":[80],"while":[81],"they":[82],"practised":[83],"with":[87],"variety":[89],"products":[91],"are":[92],"summarized":[93],"for":[94],"possible":[95],"use":[96],"other":[98],"organizations.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}