{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013765255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914584","title":"The cobbler's children: usability<i>in</i>the lab","display_name":"The cobbler's children: usability<i>in</i>the lab","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013765255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914584","mag":"2013765255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01449299408914584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour &amp; Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007761892","display_name":"Peter Lucas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-2428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69722833","display_name":"MAYA Design (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0546qf840","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69722833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PETER LUCAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["MAYA Design Group , 2100 Wharton Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MAYA Design Group , 2100 Wharton Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69722833"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083059457","display_name":"Carolanne Fisher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69722833","display_name":"MAYA Design (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0546qf840","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69722833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CAROLANNE FISHER","raw_affiliation_strings":["MAYA Design Group , 2100 Wharton Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MAYA Design Group , 2100 Wharton Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69722833"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68978102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1-2","first_page":"51","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9318000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.8075500726699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.6624071598052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copying","display_name":"Copying","score":0.6407087445259094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6350354552268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.59288090467453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5884376764297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5573416352272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.5532712340354919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.45870670676231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface-design","display_name":"User interface design","score":0.4423127770423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.35756444931030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34944474697113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.28475600481033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.21553567051887512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.8075500726699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.6624071598052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779151265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156791","display_name":"Copying","level":2,"score":0.6407087445259094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6350354552268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.59288090467453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5884376764297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5573416352272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.5532712340354919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.45870670676231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149229913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135707","display_name":"User interface design","level":3,"score":0.4423127770423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.35756444931030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34944474697113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.28475600481033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.21553567051887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01449299408914584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01449299408914584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123849098","display_name":"Behaviour and Information Technology","issn_l":"0144-929X","issn":["0144-929X","1362-3001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour &amp; Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W76932175","https://openalex.org/W3048212026","https://openalex.org/W4250782453","https://openalex.org/W2389032065","https://openalex.org/W2485879046","https://openalex.org/W2369660886","https://openalex.org/W2106608991","https://openalex.org/W2034322234","https://openalex.org/W1539450131","https://openalex.org/W2376894560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Software":[1],"and":[2,55,106,137,166,171,175,179],"product":[3],"designers":[4],"regularly":[5],"wrestle":[6],"with":[7,29],"the":[8,26,81,108,135,139,154,162,187],"usability":[9],"of":[10,25,64,146,149,169],"their":[11,32],"creations":[12],"in":[13,130],"user":[14,47,72,128,155,163],"studies":[15,48,73],"laboratories.":[16],"The":[17,66,158],"laboratories":[18],"themselves,":[19],"however,":[20],"often":[21],"languish":[22],"for":[23,83,143],"lack":[24],"same":[27],"scrutiny":[28],"respect":[30],"to":[31,69,85,111,164,181],"own":[33],"usability.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36,91,123],"article,":[37],"we":[38,93,125],"trace":[39],"our":[40],"efforts":[41],"toward":[42],"making":[43],"a":[44,60,71,104,115,127,147],"truly":[45],"usable":[46],"laboratory.":[49],"Our":[50],"lab":[51,136],"serves":[52],"many":[53,56],"purposes":[54],"individuals,":[57],"each":[58],"requiring":[59],"slightly":[61],"different":[62],"configuration":[63],"equipment.":[65],"challenge":[67],"was":[68],"design":[70],"environment":[74],"that":[75,96,132,153],"would":[76],"provide":[77],"\u2018instant\u2019":[78],"configurations,":[79],"obviating":[80],"need":[82],"users":[84],"connect":[86],"components":[87],"by":[88,103,173,185,193],"hand.":[89],"Toward":[90],"end,":[92],"purchased":[94],"equipment":[95],"could":[97],"be":[98],"controlled":[99],"directly":[100],"or":[101],"indirectly":[102],"computer":[105,120],"designed":[107,126],"wiring":[109],"plant":[110],"all":[112],"run":[113],"through":[114],"matrix":[116,188],"switcher,":[117],"also":[118,160,180],"under":[119],"control.":[121],"Upon":[122],"technology,":[124],"interface":[129,140,159],"HyperCard":[131],"automatically":[133],"configures":[134],"provides":[138],"controls":[141,172],"required":[142],"any":[144],"one":[145,192],"set":[148],"specific":[150],"pre-designed":[151],"tasks":[152],"may":[156],"select.":[157],"permits":[161],"customize":[165],"save":[167],"sets":[168],"configurations":[170,184],"copying":[174],"pasting":[176],"among":[177],"cards":[178],"create":[182],"novel":[183],"manipulating":[186],"controller's":[189],"software":[190],"switches":[191],"one.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
