{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400198199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","title":"The educational competition optimizer","display_name":"The educational competition optimizer","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400198199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129640837","display_name":"International Journal of Systems Science","issn_l":"0020-7721","issn":["0020-7721","1464-5319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systems Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021718503","display_name":"Junbo Jacob Lian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7602-0022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284762954","display_name":"Zhejiang A & F University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbo Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081361043","display_name":"Ting Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-0303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284762954","display_name":"Zhejiang A & F University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101308971","display_name":"Ling Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5874-3511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284762954","display_name":"Zhejiang A & F University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109685670","display_name":"Xincan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8698-6084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284762954","display_name":"Zhejiang A & F University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xincan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028441474","display_name":"Ali Asghar Heidari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6938-9948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Asghar Heidari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088140964","display_name":"Yi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-6542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100648348","display_name":"Huiling Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-9693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huiling Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020895211","display_name":"Guohua Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284762954","display_name":"Zhejiang A & F University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guohua Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Forestry Sensing Technology and Intelligent Equipment of Department of Forestry, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020895211","https://openalex.org/A5100648348"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284762954","https://openalex.org/I146620803"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":34.1458,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99827933,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"15","first_page":"3185","last_page":"3222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.9129999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.6402308940887451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4680464267730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.36617153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.34060341119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3360416293144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3063827455043793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07987537980079651}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6402308940887451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4680464267730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.36617153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.34060341119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3360416293144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3063827455043793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07987537980079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129640837","display_name":"International Journal of Systems Science","issn_l":"0020-7721","issn":["0020-7721","1464-5319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systems Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:tsysxx:v:55:y:2024:i:15:p:3185-3222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00207721.2024.2367079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320266","display_name":"Times Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/040qnm310"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126268375","https://openalex.org/W1476700340","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1997600725","https://openalex.org/W2001979953","https://openalex.org/W2006694777","https://openalex.org/W2009233223","https://openalex.org/W2031183907","https://openalex.org/W2033011996","https://openalex.org/W2056416254","https://openalex.org/W2059378294","https://openalex.org/W2072955302","https://openalex.org/W2131077880","https://openalex.org/W2138537392","https://openalex.org/W2171246116","https://openalex.org/W2232317135","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2770073247","https://openalex.org/W2773918105","https://openalex.org/W2802181298","https://openalex.org/W2830592823","https://openalex.org/W2914717758","https://openalex.org/W2919979744","https://openalex.org/W2963943323","https://openalex.org/W2986266941","https://openalex.org/W2990723369","https://openalex.org/W2996097017","https://openalex.org/W2997630374","https://openalex.org/W3003450920","https://openalex.org/W3005789239","https://openalex.org/W3011340359","https://openalex.org/W3014815639","https://openalex.org/W3014974411","https://openalex.org/W3015290284","https://openalex.org/W3017320855","https://openalex.org/W3018659302","https://openalex.org/W3022149264","https://openalex.org/W3082127011","https://openalex.org/W3119051141","https://openalex.org/W3134651880","https://openalex.org/W3153230643","https://openalex.org/W3169902780","https://openalex.org/W3188854349","https://openalex.org/W3195603285","https://openalex.org/W4206081481","https://openalex.org/W4221103275","https://openalex.org/W4285186567","https://openalex.org/W4289526068","https://openalex.org/W4293198317","https://openalex.org/W4310150506","https://openalex.org/W4311632513","https://openalex.org/W4317470277","https://openalex.org/W4320487090","https://openalex.org/W4366168942","https://openalex.org/W4367663379","https://openalex.org/W4367682488","https://openalex.org/W4378549505","https://openalex.org/W4385949167","https://openalex.org/W4386295742","https://openalex.org/W4386453621","https://openalex.org/W4386898872","https://openalex.org/W4387247673","https://openalex.org/W4387757448","https://openalex.org/W4388736503","https://openalex.org/W4392130001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596","https://openalex.org/W2072657027","https://openalex.org/W2600246793","https://openalex.org/W4238204885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"research,":[2],"metaheuristic":[3,161],"strategies":[4],"stand":[5],"out":[6],"as":[7],"powerful":[8],"tools":[9],"for":[10,27,186],"complex":[11,169],"optimization,":[12],"capturing":[13],"widespread":[14],"attention.":[15],"This":[16,94],"study":[17],"proposes":[18],"the":[19,35,58,61,81,87,128,187],"Educational":[20],"Competition":[21],"Optimizer":[22],"(ECO),":[23],"an":[24],"algorithm":[25,59],"created":[26],"diverse":[28,177],"optimization":[29,117,130,170],"tasks.":[30],"ECO":[31,77,113,157,189],"draws":[32],"inspiration":[33],"from":[34],"competitive":[36],"dynamics":[37],"observed":[38],"in":[39,166],"real-world":[40,178],"educational":[41,92],"resource":[42],"allocation":[43],"scenarios,":[44],"harnessing":[45],"this":[46,74],"principle":[47],"to":[48],"refine":[49],"its":[50,56,115,173],"search":[51],"process.":[52],"To":[53,142],"further":[54],"boost":[55],"efficiency,":[57],"divides":[60],"iterative":[62],"process":[63],"into":[64],"three":[65],"distinct":[66],"phases:":[67],"elementary,":[68],"middle,":[69],"and":[70,100,106,147,183,195],"high":[71],"school.":[72],"Through":[73],"stepwise":[75],"approach,":[76],"gradually":[78],"narrows":[79],"down":[80],"pool":[82],"of":[83,125],"potential":[84,174],"solutions,":[85],"mirroring":[86],"gradual":[88],"competition":[89],"witnessed":[90],"within":[91],"systems.":[93],"strategic":[95],"approach":[96],"ensures":[97],"a":[98,122,135,152],"smooth":[99],"resourceful":[101],"transition":[102],"between":[103],"ECO's":[104,145,163],"exploration":[105],"exploitation":[107],"phases.":[108],"The":[109,180],"results":[110],"indicate":[111],"that":[112],"attains":[114],"peak":[116],"performance":[118],"when":[119],"configured":[120],"with":[121,139],"population":[123,140],"size":[124],"40.":[126],"Notably,":[127],"algorithm's":[129],"efficacy":[131],"does":[132],"not":[133],"exhibit":[134],"strictly":[136],"linear":[137],"correlation":[138],"size.":[141],"comprehensively":[143],"evaluate":[144],"effectiveness":[146],"convergence":[148],"characteristics,":[149],"we":[150],"conducted":[151],"rigorous":[153],"comparative":[154],"analysis,":[155],"comparing":[156],"against":[158],"nine":[159],"state-of-the-art":[160],"algorithms.":[162],"remarkable":[164],"success":[165],"efficiently":[167],"addressing":[168],"problems":[171],"underscores":[172],"applicability":[175],"across":[176],"domains.":[179],"additional":[181],"resources":[182],"open-source":[184],"code":[185],"proposed":[188],"can":[190],"be":[191],"accessed":[192],"at":[193],"https://aliasgharheidari.com/ECO.html":[194],"https://github.com/junbolian/ECO.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}