{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216625356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","title":"Deep learning based cost estimation of circuit boards: a case study in the automotive industry","display_name":"Deep learning based cost estimation of circuit boards: a case study in the automotive industry","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216625356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","mag":"3216625356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65690446","display_name":"International Journal of Production Research","issn_l":"0020-7543","issn":["0020-7543","1366-588X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Production Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068731019","display_name":"Frank Bodendorf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank Bodendorf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025448258","display_name":"Stefan Merbele","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Merbele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059197069","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Franke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-2028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Franke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068731019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0756,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88750756,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"23","first_page":"6945","last_page":"6966"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7757800221443176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6882221102714539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-estimate","display_name":"Cost estimate","score":0.6649653911590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6576981544494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/original-equipment-manufacturer","display_name":"Original equipment manufacturer","score":0.6279881596565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5989331603050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.5494250655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.495251327753067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.46009984612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4563291072845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.42653316259384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.37988418340682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2356368601322174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.12907376885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08728751540184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.0794028639793396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7757800221443176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6882221102714539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93983250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795053","display_name":"Cost estimate","level":2,"score":0.6649653911590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6576981544494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68694590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267558","display_name":"Original equipment manufacturer","level":2,"score":0.6279881596565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5989331603050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.5494250655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.495251327753067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46009984612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4563291072845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.42653316259384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.37988418340682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2356368601322174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.12907376885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08728751540184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0794028639793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65690446","display_name":"International Journal of Production Research","issn_l":"0020-7543","issn":["0020-7543","1366-588X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Production Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:tprsxx:v:60:y:2022:i:23:p:6945-6966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00207543.2021.1998698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36092594","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1601867506","https://openalex.org/W1966501783","https://openalex.org/W1968156371","https://openalex.org/W1970085709","https://openalex.org/W1978500192","https://openalex.org/W1996723728","https://openalex.org/W2003534865","https://openalex.org/W2025768430","https://openalex.org/W2025818449","https://openalex.org/W2030202064","https://openalex.org/W2035128633","https://openalex.org/W2038717406","https://openalex.org/W2045444492","https://openalex.org/W2046853925","https://openalex.org/W2049013144","https://openalex.org/W2070346855","https://openalex.org/W2074320593","https://openalex.org/W2080271723","https://openalex.org/W2093940093","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2104442994","https://openalex.org/W2122538988","https://openalex.org/W2141231702","https://openalex.org/W2141975087","https://openalex.org/W2153877437","https://openalex.org/W2157284132","https://openalex.org/W2162428651","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2216125271","https://openalex.org/W2248783999","https://openalex.org/W2288122362","https://openalex.org/W2366778135","https://openalex.org/W2474389331","https://openalex.org/W2493023261","https://openalex.org/W2557728737","https://openalex.org/W2567289819","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2625219738","https://openalex.org/W2768489488","https://openalex.org/W2771464129","https://openalex.org/W2789600509","https://openalex.org/W2807436399","https://openalex.org/W2946298178","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963180316","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2966284335","https://openalex.org/W2975867066","https://openalex.org/W2991439194","https://openalex.org/W2997781171","https://openalex.org/W2997931400","https://openalex.org/W2998228095","https://openalex.org/W3017342708","https://openalex.org/W3026566064","https://openalex.org/W3041843084","https://openalex.org/W3049666923","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3128607711","https://openalex.org/W3131457744","https://openalex.org/W3157509993","https://openalex.org/W3167041773","https://openalex.org/W3187713758","https://openalex.org/W3195094958","https://openalex.org/W4240516607","https://openalex.org/W4246894961","https://openalex.org/W4300471567","https://openalex.org/W4396219753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949536330","https://openalex.org/W2125856283","https://openalex.org/W4213224946","https://openalex.org/W2366593851","https://openalex.org/W2378471676","https://openalex.org/W2090186079","https://openalex.org/W2971626580","https://openalex.org/W2024443461","https://openalex.org/W1966407739","https://openalex.org/W2887590715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"cost":[1,25,33,112,122,136],"estimation":[2,34,115,123,137],"is":[3,129],"a":[4,45],"decisive":[5],"value":[6],"driver":[7],"in":[8,13],"the":[9,59],"product":[10,79],"development":[11],"process":[12],"manufacturing":[14],"industries.":[15],"Machine":[16],"learning":[17,38,52,63,71,92,108,119],"offers":[18],"new":[19,46],"intelligent":[20,32],"methods":[21],"to":[22,77,84,131,134],"support":[23],"traditional":[24,29],"calculation":[26,113],"processes.":[27],"While":[28],"research":[30,128],"on":[31,36,49,66],"focuses":[35],"machine":[37],"regression":[39,72],"or":[40],"classification":[41],"models,":[42],"we":[43,57],"propose":[44],"approach":[47],"based":[48],"interlocking":[50],"deep":[51,62,70,91,107,118],"methods.":[53],"In":[54],"this":[55],"paper":[56],"investigate":[58],"applicability":[60],"of":[61,81],"techniques,":[64],"focusing":[65],"image":[67],"recognition":[68],"and":[69,89,114],"as":[73,75],"well":[74],"autoencoding":[76,125],"estimate":[78],"costs":[80],"circuit":[82],"boards":[83],"be":[85,132],"purchased.":[86],"We":[87],"create":[88],"evaluate":[90],"models":[93,109],"using":[94],"real-world":[95],"data":[96],"from":[97],"an":[98],"original":[99],"equipment":[100],"manufacturer":[101],"(OEM).":[102],"Our":[103],"findings":[104],"suggest":[105],"that":[106],"can":[110],"streamline":[111],"processes":[116],"while":[117],"object":[120],"recognition-based":[121],"outperforms":[124],"techniques.":[126],"This":[127],"designed":[130],"transferable":[133],"other":[135],"projects.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}