{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999172055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207169508804421","title":"Word category prediction based on neural network","display_name":"Word category prediction based on neural network","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999172055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207169508804421","mag":"1999172055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207169508804421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207169508804421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124867444","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Mathematics","issn_l":"0020-7160","issn":["0020-7160","1026-7425","1029-0265"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002701077","display_name":"Manabu Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2292-2650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166210","display_name":"Sumitomo Electric Industries (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05rnkb382","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166210"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer science Department , Sumitomo Metal Industries, LTD , Mita, Minato-ku Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer science Department , Sumitomo Metal Industries, LTD , Mita, Minato-ku Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078978940","display_name":"Kenichi Tsuda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7074-0731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Tsuda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science & Intelligent Systems , The University ofTokushima , Minami-Josanjima-Cho, Tokushima-Shi, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science & Intelligent Systems , The University ofTokushima , Minami-Josanjima-Cho, Tokushima-Shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039635102","display_name":"J. Aoe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2940-0740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922474255","display_name":"Tokushima University","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.-I. Aoe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science & Intelligent Systems , The University ofTokushima , Minami-Josanjima-Cho, Tokushima-Shi, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science & Intelligent Systems , The University ofTokushima , Minami-Josanjima-Cho, Tokushima-Shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922474255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002701077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166210"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11128836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"3-4","first_page":"169","last_page":"181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9567999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.7350256443023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7341336607933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6446774005889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6113609075546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5409397482872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.48428744077682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.479453444480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-recognition","display_name":"Word recognition","score":0.47366198897361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4630340337753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memorization","display_name":"Memorization","score":0.43369850516319275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39219430088996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1757725477218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.09773555397987366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7350256443023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7341336607933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6446774005889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6113609075546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5409397482872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.48428744077682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.479453444480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150856459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034367","display_name":"Word recognition","level":3,"score":0.47366198897361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4630340337753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30038468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4354775","display_name":"Memorization","level":2,"score":0.43369850516319275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39219430088996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1757725477218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.09773555397987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207169508804421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207169508804421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124867444","display_name":"International Journal of Computer Mathematics","issn_l":"0020-7160","issn":["0020-7160","1026-7425","1029-0265"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computer Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505652865","https://openalex.org/W1563595307","https://openalex.org/W1588735863","https://openalex.org/W1597533204","https://openalex.org/W1974413746","https://openalex.org/W1990005915","https://openalex.org/W2171850596","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W4300402905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245698648","https://openalex.org/W2401394187","https://openalex.org/W2405257913","https://openalex.org/W3133710586","https://openalex.org/W2125964738","https://openalex.org/W2098529290","https://openalex.org/W2026402306","https://openalex.org/W1980930823","https://openalex.org/W2944691285","https://openalex.org/W2148167314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,40],"new":[4],"method":[5,43],"of":[6,62,104,111,141,157],"the":[7,12,20,26,60,83,93,105,112,116,122,126,134,143,147,159,168,171],"word":[8,48,63,97,164,172],"category":[9,37,98],"prediction":[10,38],"for":[11,96,130],"speech":[13,21],"recognition":[14,22,49,165,173],"system.":[15,50],"In":[16],"order":[17],"to":[18,44,58,68,75,109,161,177],"improve":[19],"results,":[23],"not":[24,81],"only":[25],"acoustical":[27],"information":[28,33],"but":[29],"also":[30],"certain":[31],"linguistic":[32,150],"is":[34,39,73,92,100,107],"needed.":[35],"World":[36],"very":[41],"effective":[42],"implement":[45],"an":[46],"accurate":[47],"Traditional":[51],"statistical":[52,113,123],"approaches":[53],"require":[54],"considerable":[55],"training":[56,84,138,153],"data":[57,78],"estimate":[59],"probabilities":[61],"sequences,":[64],"and":[65],"many":[66],"parameters":[67,120],"memorize":[69],"probabilities.":[70],"And":[71],"it":[72],"difficult":[74],"predict":[76],"unseen":[77],"which":[79,91],"does":[80],"include":[82],"data.":[85,139,154],"To":[86],"solve":[87],"this":[88],"problem,":[89],"NETgram,":[90],"neural":[94],"network":[95],"prediction,":[99],"proposed.":[101],"The":[102,155],"performance":[103],"NETgram":[106,117,127,135,144,148,160,169],"comparable":[108],"that":[110,146,167],"model":[114],"although":[115],"requires":[118],"fewer":[119],"than":[121],"model.":[124],"Also":[125],"performs":[128],"effectively":[129],"unknown":[131],"data,":[132],"i.e.,":[133],"interpolates":[136],"sparse":[137],"Results":[140],"analyzing":[142],"show":[145,166],"learns":[149],"structure":[151],"from":[152,175],"results":[156],"applying":[158],"HMM":[162],"English":[163],"improves":[170],"rate":[174],"81.0%":[176],"86.9%.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
