{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1923396828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","title":"Predicting visual acuity from the structure of visual cortex","display_name":"Predicting visual acuity from the structure of visual cortex","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1923396828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","mag":"1923396828","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26056277"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.1509282112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/112/25/7815.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/112/25/7815.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100701774","display_name":"Shyam Srinivasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-5628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shyam Srinivasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","bKavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"bKavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052774725","display_name":"C. Nikoosh Carlo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-6289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Nikoosh Carlo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005296029","display_name":"Charles F. Stevens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3709-9003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles F. Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","bKavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"bKavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"aMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100701774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950","https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3871,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92499431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"112","issue":"25","first_page":"7815","last_page":"7820"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9557999968528748,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primate","display_name":"Primate","score":0.8189822435379028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-cortex","display_name":"Visual cortex","score":0.7494761347770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortex","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","score":0.5270319581031799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macaque","display_name":"Macaque","score":0.4826820194721222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.48104146122932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-neurons","display_name":"Cortical neurons","score":0.46875691413879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4673246443271637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuron","display_name":"Neuron","score":0.4321177005767822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.43193188309669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square","display_name":"Square (algebra)","score":0.4176270067691803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13137972354888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10179215669631958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780509455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7380","display_name":"Primate","level":2,"score":0.8189822435379028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75785","display_name":"Visual cortex","level":2,"score":0.7494761347770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777348757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.5270319581031799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778950215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177601","display_name":"Macaque","level":2,"score":0.4826820194721222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.48104146122932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983650178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75839","display_name":"Cortical neurons","level":2,"score":0.46875691413879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4673246443271637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778794669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43054","display_name":"Neuron","level":2,"score":0.4321177005767822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.43193188309669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4176270067691803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13137972354888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10179215669631958}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.1509282112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/112/25/7815.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26056277","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26056277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3660710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4485086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4485086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.1509282112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509282112","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/112/25/7815.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1361308712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1444273","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336454","funder_display_name":"Division of Physics"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336454","display_name":"Division of Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ap5x931"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1923396828.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1923396828.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W249845531","https://openalex.org/W658846762","https://openalex.org/W1514917008","https://openalex.org/W1522048223","https://openalex.org/W1560129441","https://openalex.org/W1585488465","https://openalex.org/W1599549671","https://openalex.org/W1647856646","https://openalex.org/W1761601732","https://openalex.org/W1836312020","https://openalex.org/W1951259116","https://openalex.org/W1976017630","https://openalex.org/W1985723122","https://openalex.org/W1988066135","https://openalex.org/W1993391356","https://openalex.org/W1995343313","https://openalex.org/W2006990470","https://openalex.org/W2007035275","https://openalex.org/W2014892312","https://openalex.org/W2022105630","https://openalex.org/W2025520018","https://openalex.org/W2029287634","https://openalex.org/W2033557583","https://openalex.org/W2034219019","https://openalex.org/W2037720079","https://openalex.org/W2039469530","https://openalex.org/W2041828808","https://openalex.org/W2042760134","https://openalex.org/W2051115857","https://openalex.org/W2054919341","https://openalex.org/W2064274168","https://openalex.org/W2064741852","https://openalex.org/W2090202960","https://openalex.org/W2095002627","https://openalex.org/W2095802196","https://openalex.org/W2106306931","https://openalex.org/W2106875648","https://openalex.org/W2109105547","https://openalex.org/W2111405228","https://openalex.org/W2113197787","https://openalex.org/W2116360511","https://openalex.org/W2116474941","https://openalex.org/W2117731089","https://openalex.org/W2119054845","https://openalex.org/W2121291930","https://openalex.org/W2130454733","https://openalex.org/W2131429442","https://openalex.org/W2137181202","https://openalex.org/W2138179494","https://openalex.org/W2143886954","https://openalex.org/W2153358010","https://openalex.org/W2158839830","https://openalex.org/W2160423114","https://openalex.org/W2163383667","https://openalex.org/W2163815564","https://openalex.org/W2168927393","https://openalex.org/W2581259096","https://openalex.org/W2952756755","https://openalex.org/W4231779193","https://openalex.org/W4250303477"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3108737615","https://openalex.org/W2509591738","https://openalex.org/W2519468268","https://openalex.org/W2080781765","https://openalex.org/W2005926228","https://openalex.org/W3171577764","https://openalex.org/W2142446997","https://openalex.org/W239789025","https://openalex.org/W2033048346","https://openalex.org/W3158855583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"decades":[1],"ago,":[2],"Rockel":[3,61],"et":[4,62],"al.":[5,63],"proposed":[6],"that":[7,72,97],"neuronal":[8,33],"surface":[9],"densities":[10],"(number":[11,80],"of":[12,18,20,35,60,81],"neurons":[13,82,112],"under":[14],"a":[15],"square":[16,84],"millimeter":[17],"surface)":[19],"primary":[21],"visual":[22,127],"cortices":[23],"(V1s)":[24],"in":[25,37,44],"primates":[26,45,124],"is":[27,76,99],"2.5":[28,77],"times":[29,78,101],"higher":[30],"than":[31,86,117],"the":[32,58],"density":[34],"V1s":[36,106],"nonprimates":[38],"or":[39],"many":[40,87],"other":[41,88],"cortical":[42,89],"regions":[43,90],"and":[46,53,70,91,113],"nonprimates.":[47],"This":[48],"claim":[49],"has":[50],"remained":[51],"controversial":[52],"much":[54],"debated.":[55],"We":[56],"replicated":[57],"study":[59],"with":[64],"attention":[65],"to":[66],"modern":[67],"stereological":[68],"precepts":[69],"show":[71,96],"indeed":[73],"primate":[74,105],"V1":[75],"denser":[79],"per":[83],"millimeter)":[85],"nonprimate":[92,119],"V1s;":[93],"we":[94],"also":[95],"V2":[98],"1.7":[100],"as":[102],"dense.":[103],"As":[104],"are":[107],"denser,":[108],"they":[109],"have":[110,125],"more":[111,115],"thus":[114],"pinwheels":[116],"similar-sized":[118],"V1s,":[120],"which":[121],"explains":[122],"why":[123],"better":[126],"acuity.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
