{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415944151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","title":"Hybrid Additive Strategies for Sustainable 3D Concrete Printing: Balancing Printability, Early-Stage Strength, and Eco-Efficiency","display_name":"Hybrid Additive Strategies for Sustainable 3D Concrete Printing: Balancing Printability, Early-Stage Strength, and Eco-Efficiency","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415944151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66250914","display_name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering","issn_l":"1076-0431","issn":["1076-0431","1943-5568"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120272986","display_name":"Kashif Changez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3905-1129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3905-1129"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kashif Changez","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3905-1129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068145748","display_name":"Jawad Aslam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-5457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-5457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Aslam","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086473915","display_name":"Muhammad Usman Bhutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Usman Bhutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083668881","display_name":"Shahid Ikramullah Butt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-1512","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-1512"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Ikramullah Butt","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMME, National Univ. of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24068723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11847","display_name":"Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-concrete-printing","display_name":"3D concrete printing","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-reinforced-concrete","display_name":"fiber-reinforced concrete","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-replacement","display_name":"cement replacement","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fly-ash","display_name":"fly ash","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recycled-aggregate-concrete","display_name":"recycled aggregate concrete","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recycled-glass","display_name":"recycled glass","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-husk-ash","display_name":"rice husk ash","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silica-fume","display_name":"silica fume","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheological-properties","display_name":"rheological properties","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splitting-tensile-strength","display_name":"splitting tensile strength","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypropylene-fibers","display_name":"polypropylene fibers","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-waste-recycling","display_name":"waste recycling in construction","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint-reduction","display_name":"carbon footprint reduction","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/printability","display_name":"printability","score":0.49900001287460327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107053488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674423","display_name":"Construction engineering","level":1,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.24690000712871552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.24490000307559967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jaeied.aeeng-2094","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66250914","display_name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering","issn_l":"1076-0431","issn":["1076-0431","1943-5568"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Architectural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030488271","https://openalex.org/W2045052433","https://openalex.org/W2047273065","https://openalex.org/W2302965792","https://openalex.org/W2482629727","https://openalex.org/W2587206813","https://openalex.org/W2604877853","https://openalex.org/W2615049565","https://openalex.org/W2796681697","https://openalex.org/W2799929023","https://openalex.org/W2803548657","https://openalex.org/W2808508889","https://openalex.org/W2884927931","https://openalex.org/W2895360774","https://openalex.org/W2902994997","https://openalex.org/W2914168325","https://openalex.org/W2940585293","https://openalex.org/W2946138049","https://openalex.org/W2949583915","https://openalex.org/W2957412640","https://openalex.org/W2968817102","https://openalex.org/W2972920636","https://openalex.org/W3012533326","https://openalex.org/W3027811009","https://openalex.org/W3037300843","https://openalex.org/W3048245106","https://openalex.org/W3095177470","https://openalex.org/W3111944458","https://openalex.org/W3128181561","https://openalex.org/W3134049043","https://openalex.org/W3136576224","https://openalex.org/W3173690989","https://openalex.org/W3182884569","https://openalex.org/W3210804470","https://openalex.org/W3214296087","https://openalex.org/W3214775583","https://openalex.org/W4210953749","https://openalex.org/W4212916736","https://openalex.org/W4220806109","https://openalex.org/W4220848454","https://openalex.org/W4224932921","https://openalex.org/W4256532053","https://openalex.org/W4282943113","https://openalex.org/W4293229487","https://openalex.org/W4313420890","https://openalex.org/W4321850980","https://openalex.org/W4327740864","https://openalex.org/W4361027179","https://openalex.org/W4362589284","https://openalex.org/W4381685501","https://openalex.org/W4386759909","https://openalex.org/W4392139019","https://openalex.org/W4396965086","https://openalex.org/W4399468639","https://openalex.org/W4401243902","https://openalex.org/W4403836458"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"(3D)":[1],"printing":[2,180],"of":[3,144],"concrete":[4,35,51,179],"faces":[5],"critical":[6],"challenges":[7],"in":[8,177],"balancing":[9],"early-stage":[10],"strength,":[11],"printability,":[12],"and":[13,27,53,77,89,108,136,157],"sustainability":[14],"for":[15,120,194],"rapid":[16,199],"construction.":[17],"This":[18,182],"study":[19],"introduces":[20],"a":[21,63,191],"hybrid":[22],"strategy":[23],"that":[24,82,197],"synergizes":[25],"replacement":[26],"supplementation":[28],"methods":[29],"to":[30,73,116,139],"optimize":[31],"fiber-reinforced":[32],"3D":[33,178],"printable":[34],"(3DPC),":[36],"leveraging":[37],"agro-industrial":[38],"byproducts":[39,138],"such":[40],"as":[41],"silica":[42],"fume,":[43],"fly":[44],"ash":[45],"(FA),":[46],"rice":[47],"husk":[48],"ash,":[49],"recycled":[50,54],"(RC),":[52],"glass":[55],"(RG).":[56],"A":[57],"custom-designed":[58],"Cartesian":[59],"printer":[60],"equipped":[61],"with":[62,85,104,169,187],"screw-based":[64],"extrusion":[65,164],"system":[66],"(nozzle":[67],"diameter:":[68],"32":[69],"mm)":[70,168],"was":[71],"employed":[72],"evaluate":[74],"the":[75,141],"rheological":[76],"mechanical":[78],"properties.":[79],"Results":[80],"showed":[81],"replacing":[83],"cement":[84,128],"5":[86,90,105,109,150],"wt%":[87,91,106,110,151],"RC":[88],"FA":[92,111],"achieved":[93],"exceptional":[94],"compressive":[95],"strength":[96,115],"(28.9":[97],"MPa":[98],"at":[99],"28":[100],"days),":[101],"while":[102],"supplementing":[103],"RG":[107],"boosted":[112],"split":[113],"tensile":[114,122],"12.2":[117],"MPa,":[118],"vital":[119],"resisting":[121],"stresses.":[123],"These":[124],"sustainable":[125,202],"substitutions":[126],"decrease":[127],"consumption":[129],"by":[130],"5%\u201310%,":[131],"thereby":[132],"repurposing":[133],"construction":[134,200],"waste":[135],"industrial":[137],"mitigate":[140],"carbon":[142],"footprint":[143],"3DPC.":[145],"The":[146],"optimized":[147],"mixture,":[148],"incorporating":[149],"FA,":[152],"cellulose-based":[153],"viscosity":[154],"modifying":[155],"admixture,":[156],"polypropylene":[158],"fibers":[159],"(6":[160],"mm),":[161],"ensures":[162],"consistent":[163],"(slump":[165],"flow:":[166],"153":[167],"minimal":[170],"deformation":[171],"(0.8":[172],"mm/layer),":[173],"overcoming":[174],"scalability":[175],"barriers":[176],"(3DCP).":[181],"research":[183],"bridges":[184],"material":[185],"innovation":[186],"printer-specific":[188],"design,":[189],"establishing":[190],"systematic":[192],"framework":[193],"eco-efficient":[195],"3DCP":[196],"advances":[198],"through":[201],"solutions.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T05:00:35.095934","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}