{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2347658236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","title":"Extending Building Information Models Semiautomatically Using Semantic Natural Language Processing Techniques","display_name":"Extending Building Information Models Semiautomatically Using Semantic Natural Language Processing Techniques","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2347658236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","mag":"2347658236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176637136","display_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0887-3801","issn":["0887-3801","1943-5487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100630296","display_name":"Jiansong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-5943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiansong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041397764","display_name":"Nora El-Gohary","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nora M. El-Gohary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 (corresponding author)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041397764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7422,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91947401,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7837979793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.5917916297912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.5475115776062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-information-modeling","display_name":"Building information modeling","score":0.5316264033317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4216657876968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41566604375839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35698458552360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34880584478378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3331683874130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32367920875549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compatibility","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","score":0.17894887924194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11110594868659973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7837979793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.5917916297912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.5475115776062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66862320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842017","display_name":"Building information modeling","level":3,"score":0.5316264033317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4216657876968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41566604375839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35698458552360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34880584478378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3331683874130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32367920875549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.17894887924194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11110594868659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176637136","display_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0887-3801","issn":["0887-3801","1943-5487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W900993354","https://openalex.org/W1510533397","https://openalex.org/W1521626219","https://openalex.org/W1540571331","https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1836478465","https://openalex.org/W1951269370","https://openalex.org/W1967622519","https://openalex.org/W1969226226","https://openalex.org/W1979711143","https://openalex.org/W1981475350","https://openalex.org/W1984637530","https://openalex.org/W1996430422","https://openalex.org/W2004116709","https://openalex.org/W2022166150","https://openalex.org/W2025283835","https://openalex.org/W2025794429","https://openalex.org/W2039984473","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2057104411","https://openalex.org/W2062925119","https://openalex.org/W2065594418","https://openalex.org/W2066023832","https://openalex.org/W2070699912","https://openalex.org/W2076383389","https://openalex.org/W2096761729","https://openalex.org/W2098162425","https://openalex.org/W2099942107","https://openalex.org/W2117805756","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2134126205","https://openalex.org/W2135667818","https://openalex.org/W2140735141","https://openalex.org/W2142912368","https://openalex.org/W2149127286","https://openalex.org/W2154658085","https://openalex.org/W2161336914","https://openalex.org/W2165403938","https://openalex.org/W2262263964","https://openalex.org/W2271021860","https://openalex.org/W2531326634","https://openalex.org/W2748269343","https://openalex.org/W2889171849","https://openalex.org/W2950225692","https://openalex.org/W4231694637","https://openalex.org/W4247086950","https://openalex.org/W4249572517","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034457552","https://openalex.org/W3136633365","https://openalex.org/W2903321365","https://openalex.org/W2985529868","https://openalex.org/W2591758319","https://openalex.org/W4281915100","https://openalex.org/W1606536785","https://openalex.org/W2991183687","https://openalex.org/W2582227712","https://openalex.org/W2368651715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"compliance":[1,40],"checking":[2,41],"(ACC)":[3],"of":[4,10,110,187,223,233],"building":[5,13,90],"designs":[6],"requires":[7],"automated":[8],"extraction":[9,124],"information":[11,14,34],"from":[12,82,133,212],"models":[15],"(BIMs).":[16],"However,":[17],"current":[18],"industry":[19],"foundation":[20],"classes":[21],"(IFC)-based":[22],"BIMs":[23],"provide":[24],"limited":[25],"support":[26],"for":[27,52,122,140,166,228,238,257],"ACC,":[28],"because":[29],"they":[30],"lack":[31],"the":[32,46,54,94,100,149,155,168,171,185,188,204,213],"necessary":[33],"that":[35,84,112,125],"is":[36],"needed":[37],"to":[38,57,79,87,97,129,147,154,243],"perform":[39],"(CC).":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"paper,":[45],"authors":[47],"propose":[48],"a":[49,108,120,138,161],"new":[50],"method":[51,68,106,121,139,165,183],"extending":[53],"IFC":[55,101,152,179,189,261],"schema":[56],"incorporate":[58],"CC-related":[59,134],"information,":[60],"in":[61,99,191],"an":[62,192],"objective":[63,193],"and":[64,75,92,143,159,175,202,219,230,240,252,264],"semiautomated":[65],"manner.":[66],"The":[67,104,181],"utilizes":[69,126],"semantic":[70,144],"natural":[71],"language":[72],"processing":[73],"techniques":[74,78],"machine":[76,162],"learning":[77,163],"extract":[80,130],"concepts":[81,96,98,132,153,174],"documents":[83],"are":[85,113],"related":[86,151,178],"CC":[88],"(e.g.,":[89],"codes)":[91],"match":[93],"extracted":[95,156,172],"class":[102],"hierarchy.":[103],"proposed":[105,182,205],"includes":[107],"set":[109],"methods/algorithms":[111],"combined":[114],"into":[115],"one":[116],"computational":[117],"platform:":[118],"(1)":[119],"concept":[123,141,259,262],"pattern-matching-based":[127],"rules":[128],"regulatory":[131,135,157,173,198,258],"documents;":[136],"(2)":[137],"matching":[142],"similarity":[145],"assessment":[146],"select":[148],"most":[150,177],"concepts;":[158],"(3)":[160],"classification":[164],"predicting":[167],"relationship":[169,265],"between":[170],"their":[176],"concepts.":[180],"enables":[184],"extension":[186],"schema,":[190],"way,":[194],"using":[195],"any":[196],"construction":[197],"document.":[199],"To":[200],"test":[201],"evaluate":[203],"method,":[206],"two":[207],"chapters":[208],"were":[209,255],"randomly":[210],"selected":[211],"International":[214],"Building":[215],"Code":[216],"(IBC)":[217],"2006":[218,225],"2009.":[220],"Chapter":[221,231],"12":[222],"IBC":[224,234],"was":[226,236],"used":[227,237],"training/development":[229],"19":[232],"2009":[235],"testing":[239],"evaluation.":[241],"Comparing":[242],"manually-developed":[244],"gold":[245],"standards,":[246],"91.7%":[247],"F1-measure,":[248],"84.5%":[249],"adoption":[250],"rate,":[251],"87.9%":[253],"precision":[254],"achieved":[256],"extraction,":[260],"selection,":[263],"classification,":[266],"respectively.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}